酵母水解物对哺乳犊牛生长性能、血清抗氧化指标和瘤胃菌群的影响  

Effects of Supplementary Feeding of Yeast Hydrolysate on Growth Performance,Serum Antioxidant Indexes and Rumen Microflora of Sucking Calves

作　　者：李元晓[1,2] 刘丹 晏克灿 孙成振 孙娟娟 皮庆洁[4] 鲁志民 张才 LI Yuanxiao;LIU Dan;YAN Kecan;SUN Chengzhen;SUN Juanjuan;PI Qingjie;LU Zhimin;ZHANG Cai(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Healthy Breeding in Henan Province,Luoyang 471023,China;Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Jiyuan Weiheng Cattle Industry Co.,Ltd.,Jiyuan 459017,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳471023 [2]河南省动物福利与健康养殖国际联合实验室,洛阳471023 [3]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [4]南京农业大学动物科技学院,南京210095 [5]济源市伟恒牛业有限公司,济源459017

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第1期387-399,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872537);中央引导地方科技发展资金(2022ZY0098)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨补饲酵母水解物对哺乳犊牛生长性能、血清抗氧化指标及瘤胃菌群的影响。试验选取30头1日龄、健康、体重[(39±2)kg]相近的荷斯坦母犊牛,随机分为对照组(不补饲酵母水解物)和试验组(每头犊牛每天补饲5 g酵母水解物),每组15个重复,每个重复1头牛。试验期为63 d。记录犊牛体重和采食量,采集血清和瘤胃液样品,测定血清抗氧化指标和瘤胃菌群多样性。结果显示:1)补饲酵母水解物显著增加了犊牛14和28日龄的胸围以及28和42日龄的体斜长(P<0.05),但对生长性能和其他体尺指标未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。2)63日龄时,试验组血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);7日龄时,试验组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)补饲酵母水解物使犊牛瘤胃菌群的Alpha多样性指数(Chao1和Observed-species指数)显著降低(P<0.05);同时,Beta多样性也发生了显著变化(P<0.05)。30日龄时,试验组瘤胃菌群中互养菌门(Synergistota)的相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组瘤胃菌群中理研菌科RC9肠道群(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group)的相对丰度在60日龄时显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而解琥珀酸菌属(Succiniclasticum)和普雷沃氏菌属7(Prevotella_7)的相对丰度在30日龄时显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上可知,在本试验条件下,每天每头补饲5 g酵母水解物对哺乳犊牛整体生长性能无显著影响,但显著提高了犊牛的抗氧化能力,并调节了瘤胃菌群结构,有助于改善犊牛健康状况。This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementary feeding of yeast hydrolysate on the growth performance,serum antioxidant indexes and rumen microflora of suckling calves.Thirty healthy 1-day-old Holstein heifers with similar body weight[(39±2)kg]were randomly divided into control group(without yeast hydrolysate supplementation)and test group(supplementary feeding of 5 g yeast hydrolysate per calf per day),with 15 replicates in each group and 1 calf per replicate.The experiment lasted 63 days.Calves’body weight and feed intake were recorded,serum and rumen fluid samples were collected to assess serum antioxidant indexes and rumen microflora diversity.The results showed as follows:1)supplementary feeding of yeast hydrolysate significantly increased chest circumference at 14 and 28 days of age and body length at 28 and 42 days of age(P<0.05),but did not significantly affect growth performance and other body size indexes(P>0.05).2)At 63 days of age,serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the teat group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),while total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);at 7 days of age,serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Supplementary feeding of yeast hydrolysate significantly decreased the Alpha diversity indexes(Chao1 and Observed-species indexes)of the rumen microflora(P<0.05),and it also significantly changed the Beta diversity(P<0.05).At 30 days of age,the relative abundance of Synergistota in the test group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group at 60 days of age in the test group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),while the relative abundances of Succiniclasticum and Prevotella_7

关 键 词：酵母水解物 哺乳犊牛 生长性能 抗氧化指标 瘤胃菌群 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]