基于康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系评价添加剂对高寒地区不同品种燕麦青贮品质的影响  

Evaluation of Effects of Additives on Silage Quality of Different Varieties of Oats in Alpine Regions Based on Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System

作　　者：秦子旸 张洪瑞 王召明 李雨嘉 郝迎辰 王磊[1] 安宅一夫 孙志强 玉柱[1] QIN Ziyang;ZHANG Hongrui;WANG Zhaoming;LI Yujia;HAO Yingchen;WANG Lei;ATAKU Kazuo;SUN Zhiqiang;YU Zhu(College of Grassland and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;National Grass Technology Innovation Center(Preparation),Hohhot 010070,China;Rakuno Gakuen University,Ebeyeong 069-8501,Japan;Key Laboratory of Forage Efficient Production Model Innovation,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]国家草业技术创新中心(筹),呼和浩特010070 [3]酪农学园大学,江别069-8501 [4]山西农业大学饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室,太谷030801

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第1期637-647,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：2023年国家草业技术创新中心(筹)重大创新平台建设专项“优质饲草生产与草产品加工关键技术研发及示范”(CCPTZX2023B07);国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点专项(2022YFE0111000);草食畜牧业增量提质科技创新合作(DL2023108002L);青海省玉树州杂多县特色养殖业提质增效关键技术集成与示范项目(2022YFD1602305);山西农业大学饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室开放基金资助课题(FR2024-01)。

摘　　要：为探究不同品种和添加剂对燕麦青贮品质的影响,本试验选取“白燕11”“黑玫克”和“凯撒”3个品种的燕麦作为试验对象,设计4种添加剂处理,即空白对照(CK)、植物乳杆菌(LP,接种量为1×10^(5) CFU/g FW)、布氏乳杆菌(LB,接种量为1×10^(5) CFU/g FW)和苯甲酸钠(SB,添加量为1.5%FW),在青贮45 d后,对燕麦青贮饲料的发酵品质、营养品质和康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)组分进行分析。结果显示:1)与“白燕11”燕麦青贮饲料相比,“黑玫克”燕麦青贮饲料的pH显著降低(P<0.05),乙酸(AA)含量显著提高(P<0.05);与CK相比,添加LP、LB和SB均显著降低了燕麦青贮饲料的pH和氨态氮(NH 3-N)含量(P<0.05),显著增加了乳酸(LA)含量(P<0.05),并且以LB的表现最为突出。2)在品种方面,“黑玫克”燕麦青贮饲料的干物质(DM)含量最低,“凯撒”燕麦青贮饲料的DM和可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)最高,其粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)含量显著低于其他品种(P<0.05);在添加剂方面,与CK相比,添加LP、LB和SB均显著降低了燕麦青贮饲料的NDF和ADF含量(P<0.05)。3)在品种方面,“黑玫克”燕麦青贮饲料CNCPS的蛋白质组分中非蛋白氮(PA)含量较低,快速降解蛋白质(PB1)、慢速降解蛋白质(PB3)含量较高,结合蛋白质(PC)含量显著低于其他品种(P<0.05);在添加剂方面,与CK相比,添加LP、LB和SB均显著提高了燕麦青贮饲料CNCPS的蛋白质组分中PB1和中速降解蛋白质(PB2)含量(P<0.05),显著降低了PA和PC含量(P<0.05),并且以LB的表现最为突出。4)“黑玫克”燕麦青贮饲料的碳水化合物(CHO)含量最高,“凯撒”燕麦青贮饲料的非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)和糖类(CA)含量显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),其可利用纤维(CB2)和不可利用纤维(CC)含量显著低于其他品种(P<0.05);与CK相比,添加LP、LB和SB均显著提高了燕麦青贮饲料的CA、淀In order to investigate the effects of different varieties and additives on the silage quality of oats,three varieties of oats such as“Baiyan 11”,“Heimeike”and“Kaisa”were selected as the test subjects in this experiment,and four additive treatments,namely,blank control(CK),Lactobacillus plantarum(LP,inoculation dose was 1×10^(5) CFU/g FW),Lactobacillus brucei(LB,inoculation dose was 1×10^(5) CFU/g FW)and sodium benzoate(SB,added dose was 1.5%FW),were designed to analyze the fermentation quality of oat silage,nutritional quality and Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system(CNCPS)components after 45 d of silage.The results showed as follows:1)compared with“Baiyan 11”oat silage,“Heimeike”oat silage had significantly lower pH(P<0.05)and significantly higher acetic acid(AA)content(P<0.05);compared with the CK,the addition of LP,LB and SB all significantly decreased the pH and ammoniacal nitrogen(NH 3-N)content(P<0.05),significantly increased the lactic acid(LA)content of oat silage(P<0.05),and was most prominent with LB.2)In terms of varieties,“Heimeike”oat silage had the lowest dry matter(DM),while“Kaisa”oat silage had the highest DM and soluble carbohydrates(WSC),and its crude protein(CP),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF)and acid detergent lignin(ADL)contents were significantly lower than those of the other varieties(P<0.05);in terms of additives,compared with the CK,the addition of LP,LB and SB all significantly reduced the NDF and ADF contents of oat silage(P<0.05).3)In terms of varieties,the protein components of CNCPS of“Heimeike”oat silage had lower content of non-protein nitrogen(PA),higher content of rapidly degradable protein(PB1),slowly degradable protein(PB3),and significantly lower content of binding protein(PC)than the other varieties(P<0.05);in terms of additives,the addition of LP,LB and SB all significantly increased the contents of PB1 and medium-rate degradable protein(PB2),and significantly decreased the contents of PA and PC in oat silage c

关 键 词：燕麦 品种 添加剂 青贮品质 CNCPS 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]