激光增材制造钛合金热处理研究进展  

Research Progress in Heat Treatment of Laser Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloys

作　　者：覃红星 袁建奇 毕成龙 王宇 徐宏[1] 周启飚 QIN Hongxing;YUAN Jianqi;BI Chenglong;WANG Yu;XU Hong;ZHOU Qibiao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Process Technology Centre,Jiangsu Shuguang Optoelectronics Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]江苏曙光光电有限公司工艺技术中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《新技术新工艺》2024年第11期24-34,共11页New Technology & New Process

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划面上项目(202103021224179)。

摘　　要：针对激光增材制造钛合金产品疲劳寿命短、塑韧性差等问题,探索合理的热处理工艺来调整组织,延长服役寿命。研究分析了国内外近15年关于钛合金激光增材制造及其后续热处理的前沿技术和发展脉络;归纳出了其组织演变过程,在其热处理温度范围内组织变化为细板条状(α+β)与针状α′马氏体相→全板条状(α+β)→粗层状(α+β)与板条状(α+β);探索出了其强韧化指导原则,借助组织演变相图,通过高温+短时热处理或低温+长时热处理,细化或球化粗大的Laves相、初生的β相,消除工件内部的残余应力,从而改善塑韧性,延长疲劳寿命。对钛合金激光增材制造来说,热处理是必须的且关键的,通过合适的热处理工艺,可以显著提升钛合金材料的综合性能,拓宽其应用领域及光明前景。Aimed at the problems of short fatigue life and poor plastic toughness of laser additively manufactured titanium alloy products,we explored the reasonable heat treatment process to adjust the tissue and extend the service life.The research analyzed the cutting-edge technologies and development vectors on laser additive manufacturing of titanium alloys and its subsequent heat treatment at home and abroad in the past 15 years.The tissue evolution was summarized as follows:the tissue changes in the range of their heat treatment temperatures were fine lath(α+β)with acicularα′martensite phase→full lath(α+β)→coarse laminated(α+β)with lath(α+β).The guiding principle of its toughening was explored,and with the help of the phase diagram of tissue evolution,the coarse Laves phase and incipientβ-phase were refined or nodulized by high temperature with short-time heat treatment or low temperature and long-time heat treatment,and the residual stresses inside the workpiece were eliminated,so that the plastic toughness was improved and the fatigue life was prolonged.The heat treatment was necessary and critical for laser additive manufacturing of titanium alloys,and the comprehensive performance of titanium alloys could be significantly improved by suitable heat treatment process,which could broaden their application areas and had bright prospects.

关 键 词：钛合金 激光增材制造 组织演变 热处理 残余应力 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]