老年病康复医院患者痰培养病原菌分布情况及耐药性分析  

Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Sputum Culture of Patients in Geriatric Rehabilitation Hospital

作　　者：张丰裕 陈淑怡 张海莉 熊桂梅 Zhang Fengyu;Chen Shuyi;Zhang Haili;Xiong Guimei(Guangzhou Dongsheng Hospital,Guangzhou 510700,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]著者文摘广州市东升医院,广东广州著者文摘

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2025年第1期3-5,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:分析老年病康复医院患者痰培养病原菌分布情况及耐药性。方法:将2023年1—6月广州市东升医院住院病区送检的痰培养标本中获得的菌株239株作为研究对象,鉴定病原菌类型并进行药敏试验。分析痰培养病原菌分布情况及主要细菌耐药情况。结果:239株病原菌中检出革兰阴性菌181株(75.73%),主要为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌;革兰阳性菌51株(21.34%),主要为金黄色葡萄球菌;真菌7株(2.93%),为白色念珠菌与热带念珠菌。铜绿假单胞菌对多黏菌素、阿米卡星较敏感,对氨曲南、头孢哌酮舒巴坦、头孢他啶、哌拉西林他唑巴坦耐药率较高;肺炎克雷伯菌对多数抗菌药物耐药率较高,对多黏菌素与替加环素耐药率低;鲍曼不动杆菌对多数抗菌药物耐药,对多黏菌素与替加环素不耐药。金黄色葡萄球菌对头孢唑林、氯霉素、替加环素、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替考拉宁、利福平不耐药,对青霉素耐药。结论:老年病康复医院住院患者的痰培养病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,耐药性较为严重。不同细菌对抗菌药物耐药情况不同,应及时规范送检痰标本,根据药敏结果合理使用药物。Objective:To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in sputum culture of patients in geriatric rehabilitation hospital.Methods:239 strains obtained from sputum culture samples sent to the inpatient ward of Guangzhou Dongsheng Hospital from January to June 2023 were used as research objects to identify the types of pathogenic bacteria and carry out drug susceptibility test.The distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of main bacteria in sputum culture were analyzed.Results:Among 239 pathogenic bacteria,181(75.73%)were gram-negative,which were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii.There were 51 gram-positive bacteria(21.34%),mainly Staphylococcus aureus.There were 7 strains of fungi(2.93%),including Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis.Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more sensitive to polycolistin and amicacin,and had higher resistance rate to amtraxam,cefoperazone sulbactam,ceftazidime,piperacillin and tazobactam.The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to most antibiotics was high,and the resistance rate to polycolistin and tigecycline was low.Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant to most antimicrobials,but was not resistant to polycolistin and tigecycline.Staphylococcus aureus is not resistant to cefazolin,chloramphenicol,tigacycline,vancomycin,linezolid,teicolanin,rifampicin,and resistant to penicillin.Conclusion:Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens in the sputum culture of patients in geriatric rehabilitation hospital,and the drug resistance was more serious.Different bacteria have different resistance to antibiotics,sputum samples should be sent in time,and drugs should be used rationally according to the results of drug sensitivity.

关 键 词：老年病康复医院 患者 痰培养 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]