竖井间距对烟囱效应极限高度的影响研究  

Study of the effect of shaft spacing on the limiting height of chimney effect

作　　者：刘洪永[1,2,3,4] 武昕宇 罗劭翔 张佳庆 Liu Hongyong;Wu Xinyu;Luo Shaoxiang;Zhang Jiaqing(Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Control,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116,China;Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology on Coal and Rock Dynamic Disaster Prevention and Control,National Mine Safety Administration,China;University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116,China;Research Institute of Electric Power Science,State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co.Ltd.,Hefei Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学煤矿灾害防控全国重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]中国矿业大学煤岩动力灾害防控理论与技术国家矿山安全监察局重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [4]城市火灾防控江苏省高校重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [5]国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2025年第1期62-67,73,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目资助(5400-202355235A-1-1-ZN)。

摘　　要：为深入研究火灾发生时竖井间距对竖井烟囱效应极限高度的影响规律,通过FDS软件对5 MW下的隧道火灾进行模拟,共设置4种不同的竖井截面尺寸和5种不同的竖井间距,模拟竖井间距对烟囱效应极限高度的影响。结果表明,随着竖井间距的增大,烟囱效应极限高度逐渐减小;此外,随着竖井截面尺寸增加,竖井间距对烟囱效应极限高度的影响显著增大。基于模拟数据得到了竖井烟囱效应极限高度z与竖井间距x和竖井截面边长y的数学模型,并进行模拟验证。该数学模型可以估算相同环境下,60 m≤x≤240 m,0.5 m≤y≤2.5 m时竖井烟囱效应的极限高度。研究结果不仅可以为自然通风竖井设计提供指导,同时也为相关领域自然通风系统排烟口的设计提供重要参考。In order to study the influence of shaft spacing on the ultimate height of the shaft chimney effect during fire,tunnel fires under four shaft cross-section sizes and five shaft spacing were simulated by FDS fire dynamics simulation software,focusing on the influence of shaft spacing on the ultimate height of chimney effect.The results show that the shaft chimney effect is enhanced with the increase of shaft height,but its ultimate height gradually decreases with the increase of shaft spacing;moreover,the influence of shaft spacing on the ultimate height of the shaft chimney effect gradually increases with the increase of shaft cross-section size.Based on the simulation data,the correlation between the limiting height z of the shaft chimney effect and the shaft spacing x and the side length of the shaft section y was obtained.The expression can estimate the ultimate height of the shaft chimney effect when 60 m≤x≤240 m and 0.5 m≤y≤2.5 m under the same environment,which provides guidance for the design of natural ventilation shafts,and is expected to provide a reference for the design of smoke vents of natural ventilation systems in related fields.

关 键 词：安全工程 竖井间距 烟囱效应 极限高度 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U459.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]