阴燃林火的消防技术与策略  

Firefighting technologies and strategies for smoldering wildfire

作　　者：秦蕴竹 张轶超 陈玉莹 林少润 黄鑫炎 Qin Yunzhu;Zhang Yichao;Chen Yuying;Lin Shaorun;Huang Xinyan(Research Centre for Smart Urban Resilience and Firefighting,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China;University of California,Berkeley 94720,USA)

机构地区：[1]香港理工大学智慧消防与城市韧性研究中心,中国香港999077 [2]加州大学伯克利分校,美国伯克利94720

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2025年第1期112-118,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52322610)。

摘　　要：相比明火,阴燃的反应温度更低,蔓延速度也更慢,能在缺氧、高含水率、深层地下等极端条件下持续存在。因此,阴燃林火的探测和灭火面临更大挑战。本文综述了当前阴燃灭火的研究进展,从“冷熄”“窒息”“燃尽”3个方面探讨灭火方法,包括人工降雨、地下漫灌、防火隔离带等措施的可行性。同时,总结了当前森林阴燃火的预防、监测与灭火策略,为未来阴燃灭火基础理论研究,以及基于人工智能、数字孪生等新技术的开发提供参考。Compared to flaming combustion,smoldering has a lower reaction temperature and slower spread rate,and can persist under extreme conditions such as oxygen-limited environments,high moisture content,and deep underground.Therefore,the detection and extinguishing of smoldering wildland fires face greater challenges.This paper provides an overview of the past research on smoldering suppression at the laboratory scale from the perspectives of three basic mechanisms:quenching,smothering,and burnout.The feasibilities and possibilities of controlling smoldering fires through artificial rainfall,underground water injection,and the construction of firebreaks are summarized.Furthermore,the technologies and strategies for prevention,monitoring,and suppression in current wildland smoldering fire management practices are overviewed,providing insights for future theoretical research on smoldering fires and the development of new technologies based on artificial intelligence and digital twins.

关 键 词：森林火灾 地下火 灭火机理 林火监测 消防安全 防灾减灾 

分 类 号：X954[环境科学与工程—安全科学] S762[农业科学—森林保护学]