超声乳化术与小切口非超声乳化术对硬核白内障术后视功能及角膜散光的影响  

The Effects of Phacoemulsification and Small Incision Non-Phacoemulsification on Visual Function and Corneal Astigmatism After Hard Nuclear Cataract Surgery

作　　者：尹鹏 孙大卫[1] 董素 王丽媛[2] 侯勇生[2] 邵德望 YIN Peng;SUN Dawei;DONG Su;WANG Liyuan;HOU Yongsheng;SHA Dewang(Department of Ophthalmology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China;Department of Ophthalmology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150086,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院眼科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院眼科,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]空军特色医学中心眼科,北京100142

出　　处：《转化医学杂志》2024年第9期1310-1314,共5页Translational Medicine Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U23A20389)。

摘　　要：目的探究超声乳化手术与小切口非超声乳化手术治疗硬核白内障术后患者视功能及角膜散光的改变情况。方法选取2021年3月1日至2024年3月1日在哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院眼科诊断为硬核白内障的60例患者为研究对象,通过电脑系统将患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组80例。试验组采用小切口非超声乳化技术治疗,对照组采用超声乳化技术治疗。比较2组患者术后视力恢复程度、主观感受的视觉品质、角膜散光状况、疗效以及术后不良反应发生率情况。结果试验组和对照组患者术前视力水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第1天,试验组的视力指标较术前显著提高(P<0.05);术前和术后1个月2组患者的角膜散光度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组术后第1天、第7天的角膜散光度明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组和对照组的总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(98.75%vs 97.5%,P>0.05);试验组和对照组的并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(1.25%vs11.25%,P<0.05)。结论超声乳化手术与小切口非超声乳化手术的治疗效果相当,小切口非超声乳化手术短期内改善硬核型白内障患者的视力水平、角膜散光度更为明显,手术安全性更高,在一定时期内值得推广应用。Objective To investigate the changes in visual function and corneal astigmatism after phacoemulsification surgery and small incision non-phacoemulsification surgery for treating hard nuclear cataracts.Methods From March 2021 to March 2024,160 patients with hard nuclear cataracts treated in the Department of Ophthalmology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,were enrolled.Patients were randomly assigned into an experimental group(n=80,treated with small incision non-phacoemulsification)and a control group(n=80,treated with phacoemulsification).Postoperative visual recovery,subjective perception of visual quality,corneal astigmatism,treatment efficacy,and incidence of postoperative adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results Preoperative visual acuity did not differ significantly between the two groups(P>0.05).On postoperative day 1,visual acuity in the experimental group improved significantly compared to preoperative levels(P<0.05).Corneal astigmatism showed no significant differences between the groups preoperatively or one month postoperatively(P>0.05),but the experimental group had significantly lower corneal astigmatism on postoperative days 1 and 7 compared to the control group(P<0.05).Overall efficacy rates were 98.75%and 97.5%for the experimental and control groups,respectively,with no significant difference(P>0.05).However,the incidence of complications differed significantly,being 1.25%in the experimental group and 11.25%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Phacoemulsification and small incision non-phacoemulsification surgeries show comparable overall efficacy in treating hard nuclear cataracts.Small incision non-phacoemulsification surgery demonstrates superior short-term improvements in visual acuity and corneal astigmatism,with fewer complications,making it a valuable option for clinical application.

关 键 词：小切口非超声乳化手术 超声乳化手术 硬核白内障 视力水平 角膜散光度 

分 类 号：R246.82[医药卫生—针灸推拿学] R776.1[医药卫生—中医临床基础]