二维碳纤维织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶的性能研究  

Research on the Performance of Two-Dimensional Carbon Fabric Reinforced Phenolic and Nitrile Rubber Composites

作　　者：闫红英 杨斌[2] 赵义秋 鹿毅力 刘小林 YAN Hong-ying;YANG Bin;ZHAO Yi-qiu;LU Yi-li;LIU Xiao-lin(Xi’an Kangben Materials Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710025,Shaanxi,China;Xi’an Aerospace Composite Materials Research Institute,Xi’an 710025,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安康本材料有限公司,陕西西安710025 [2]西安航天复合材料研究所,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《合成纤维》2025年第2期44-47,共4页Synthetic Fiber in China

摘　　要：分别以3K聚丙烯腈基五枚缎纹碳布、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维罗纹织物和聚丙烯腈基碳纤维三维编织物作为增强材料制备碳纤维织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶材料,研究了碳纤维织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、抗烧蚀性能和增强材料形态对预浸织物浸渍效果的影响,并与常用的短切黏胶基碳纤维/酚醛-丁腈橡胶性能进行了对比。研究结果表明:聚丙烯腈基碳纤维三维编织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶材料的拉伸强度为29.1 MPa,断裂伸长率达到18.06%,氧-乙炔烧蚀率为0.002 mm/s,综合性能最优;聚丙烯腈基碳纤维罗纹织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶材料的拉伸强度为13.2 MPa,断裂伸长率达到了16%,氧-乙炔烧蚀率为0.007 mm/s,综合性能仅次于聚丙烯腈基碳纤维三维编织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶,生产成本较聚丙烯腈基碳纤维三维编织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶大幅度下降;两种材料的拉伸强度与短切黏胶基碳纤维/酚醛-丁腈橡胶相当,韧性和抗冲刷性能具有显著优势。Carbon reinforced phenolic and nitrile rubber(NBR)composites was prepared by using 3K polyac⁃rylonitrile-based five satin carbon fiber cloth,polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber ribbed fabric and polyac⁃rylonitrile-based carbon fiber 3D braided fabric as reinforcement materials.The influences of tensile strength,percentage of breaking elongation,ablative resistance and reinforcement material morphology on impregnation effect of prepreg fabric were studied.The properties of short-cut viscose-based carbon fabric/phenolic NBR composites were compared.The results show that the tensile strength of polyacrylonitrilebased carbon fiber 3D braided fabric/phenolic NBR composites is 29.1 MPa,the percentage of breaking elongation is 18.06%,the oxygen-acetylene ablative rate is 0.002 mm/s,the comprehensive performance is the best.The tensile strength of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber ribbed fabric/phenolic NBR compos⁃ites is 13.2 MPa,the percentage of breaking elongation is 16%,the oxygen-acetylene ablative rate is 0.007 mm/s,the comprehensive performance is second only to that of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber 3D braided fabric/phenolic NBR composites,and the production cost decreased significantly.The tensile strength of the two materials is comparable to that of short-cut viscose-based carbon fiber/phenolic NBR composites,and the toughness and erosion resistance have significant advantages.

关 键 词：碳纤维织物/酚醛-丁腈橡胶 增强材料 拉伸强度 断裂伸长率 烧蚀率 

分 类 号：TQ342.742[化学工程—化纤工业] V258[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]