库车坳陷超深层碎屑岩油气地质研究新进展和下步勘探方向  

New progress and future exploration targets in petroleum geological research of ultra-deep clastic rocks in Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,NW China

作　　者：王清华 杨海军[1,2] 杨威 WANG Qinghua;YANG Haijun;YANG Wei(R&D Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Research and Development,CNPC,Korla 841000,China;Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Korla 841000,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团有限公司超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研发中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2025年第1期70-83,共14页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U22B6002);中国石油天然气股份有限公司攻关性应用性科技专项(2023ZZ14)。

摘　　要：基于塔里木盆地库车坳陷超深层陆相碎屑岩近几年取得的重要勘探进展,开展新一轮油气地质综合研究。形成4点地质认识:①建立多滑脱层复合、多期构造叠加、多层构造变形的“3多”构造模型,多期构造圈闭纵向叠置,下伏超深层发现系列构造圈闭;②三叠系—侏罗系发育3类有机相5套规模优质烃源岩,与3套区域储盖层构成超深层良好生储盖组合;③源岩、储层、盖层、断层等4因素控制大油气田的形成,根据其空间配置关系建立了库车坳陷超深层碎屑岩立体成藏新模式;④库车坳陷超深层碎屑岩下步重点油气勘探领域包括常规和非常规油气两类,常规油气领域包括克拉苏深层多层系立体油气聚集带、北部构造带侏罗系阿合组致密砂岩气、中秋—迪那构造带多目的层岩性油气藏、南斜坡岩性地层+潜山复合型油气藏等有利区;非常规油气领域包括侏罗系克孜勒努尔组、阳霞组和三叠系塔里奇克组深层煤岩气和中下侏罗统、上三叠统深层陆相页岩气。上述认识对于丰富超深层碎屑岩油气勘探理论,指导下步油气勘探部署,具有重要的借鉴意义。Significant exploration progress has been made in ultra-deep clastic rocks in the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,over recent years.A new round of comprehensive geological research has formed four new understandings:(1)Establish structural model consisting of multi-detachment composite,multi-stage structural superposition and multi-layer deformation.Multi-stage structural traps are overlapped vertically,and a series of structural traps are discovered in underlying ultra-deep layers.(2)Five sets of high-quality large-scale source rocks of three types of organic phases are developed in the Triassic and Jurassic systems,and forming a good combination of source-reservoir-cap rocks in ultra-deep layers with three sets of large-scale regional reservoir and cap rocks.(3)The formation of large oil and gas fields is controlled by four factors which are source,reservoir,cap rocks and fault.Based on the spatial configuration relationship of these four factors,a new three-dimensional reservoir formation model for ultra-deep clastic rocks in the Kuqa Depression has been established.(4)The next key exploration fields for ultra-deep clastic rocks in the Kuqa Depression include conventional and unconventional oil and gas.The conventional oil and gas fields include the deep multi-layer oil-gas accumulation zone in Kelasu,tight sandstone gas of Jurassic Ahe Formation in the northern structural zone,multi-target layer lithological oil and gas reservoirs in Zhongqiu–Dina structural zone,lithologic-stratigraphic and buried hill composite reservoirs in south slope and other favorable areas.Unconventional oil and gas fields include deep coal rock gas and shale gas.The achievements have important reference significance for enriching the theory of ultra-deep clastic rock oil and gas exploration and guiding the future oil and gas exploration deployment.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 库车坳陷 超深层 陆相碎屑岩 多层构造变形 分层运聚 立体成藏新模式 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]