塔里木盆地构造流体作用对超深层断控碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的控制  

Control of structure and fluid on ultra-deep fault-controlled carbonate fracture-vug reservoirs in Tarim Basin,NW China

作　　者：曾联波[1,2] 宋逸辰 韩俊[3] 韩剑发[4] 姚迎涛 黄诚[3] 张银涛[4] 谭笑林 李浩[1,2] ZENG Lianbo;SONG Yichen;HAN Jun;HAN Jianfa;YAO Yingtao;HUANG Cheng;ZHANG Yintao;TAN Xiaolin;LI Hao(National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;Northwest Oilfield Company,Sinopec,Urumqi 830011,China;PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Korla 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京102249 [3]中国石化西北油田分公司,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]中国石油塔里木油田公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2025年第1期128-139,共12页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金重点项目(U21B2062)。

摘　　要：基于露头、岩心、测井、录井、三维地震、地球化学实验和生产测试等资料,利用生产动态分析、流体包裹体测温及碳氧同位素测试等多种方法,系统探讨塔里木盆地的构造和流体作用对超深层断控碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层规模、储层质量及其有效性与连通性的控制机理。研究表明:①走滑断层规模、构造部位与岩石力学层共同控制了缝洞储层的发育规模。断层规模越大,储层规模越大;叠接挤压段的储层规模大于叠接拉分段,纯走滑段的储层规模相对较小;走滑断层的交汇部位、转折部位与端部的储层规模较大;垂向上储层发育的差异性受岩石力学层控制,脆性指数高的岩石力学层更有利于缝洞储层的发育。②多期走滑断层活动及流体改造共同控制了缝洞储层的有效性演化及其非均质性。加里东晚期—海西早期的大气淡水活动期为缝洞储层主要形成期;海西晚期热液活动进一步加剧了有效储集空间分布的非均质性。③走滑断层构造部位和现今地应力控制了缝洞储层连通性。叠接拉分段缝洞储层连通性好于纯走滑段,叠接挤压段较差;与现今地应力方向近平行的走滑断层控制的缝洞储层连通性好。优质缝洞型储层平面上主要分布于走滑断层的叠接拉分段两侧断层交汇区域,叠接挤压段中部区域、纯走滑段交叉部位、转折部位和端部的羽状断层区;剖面上集中于高脆性指数的岩石力学层段。This study comprehensively utilizes various methods such as production dynamic analysis,fluid inclusion thermometry and carbon-oxygen isotopic compositions testing,based on outcrop,core,well-logging,3D seismic,geochemistry experiment and production test data,to systematically explore the control mechanisms of structure and fluid on the scale,quality,effectiveness and connectivity of ultra-deep fault-controlled carbonate fracture-vug reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.The findings show that reservoir scale is influenced by strike-slip fault scale,structural position,and mechanical stratigraphy.The larger the fault scale,the larger the reservoir scale.The reservoir scale of contractional overlaps is larger than that of extensional overlaps,while pure strike-slip segments are smaller.The reservoir scale is enhanced at fault intersection,bend,and tip segments.Vertically,the heterogeneity of reservoir development is controlled by mechanical stratigraphies,with strata of higher brittleness indices being more conducive to the development of fracture-vug reservoirs.Multiple phases of strike-slip fault activity and fluid alterations contribute to fracture-vug reservoir effectiveness evolution and heterogeneity.Atmospheric freshwater activity during the Late Caledonian to Early Hercynian period was the primary phase of fracture-vug reservoir formation.Hydrothermal activity in the Late Hercynian period further intensified the heterogeneity of effective reservoir space distribution.The study also reveals that fracture-vug reservoir connectivity is influenced by strike-slip fault structural position and present in-situ stress field.The reservoir connectivity of extensional overlaps is larger than that of pure strike-slip segments,while contractional overlaps show worse reservoir connectivity.Additionally,fracture-vug reservoirs controlled by strike-slip faults that are nearly parallel to the present in-situ stress direction exhibit excellent connectivity.Overall,high-quality reservoirs are distributed at the fault intersection of

关 键 词：构造流体作用 缝洞型储层 走滑断层 岩石力学层 碳酸盐岩 超深层 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]