生物炭和氮肥配施对咖啡种植土壤性质和氨氧化微生物的影响  

Effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer co-application on soil properties and ammonia oxidizing microorganisms in coffee planting soil

作　　者：薛笑然 秦世雯 赵颢 李正涛 何飞飞 XUE Xiao-ran;QIN Shi-wen;ZHAO Hao;LI Zheng-tao;HE Fei-fei(School of Agricultural,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650550;Dehong State Forest and Grassland Resources Monitoring and Supervision Station,Mangshi Yunnan 678400)

机构地区：[1]云南大学农学院,云南昆明650550 [2]德宏州森林和草原资源监测监管总站,云南芒市678400

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第12期59-67,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202302AE090004);云南大学新一轮“双一流”建设项目(CZ22634404)。

摘　　要：为了探讨土壤酸化、氨氧化细菌(AOB)和氨氧化古菌(AOA)对生物炭和氮肥配施的响应,以连续10余年种植咖啡的土壤为研究对象,设置不同生物炭用量和氮肥配施的土壤培养试验。结果表明:生物炭配施氮肥缓解土壤pH下降,土壤交换性Al^(3+)含量降低,总有机碳含量显著增加;AOB相对丰度高于57%,是主要氨氧化微生物类群;生物炭配施氮肥后AOB和AOA的总数、多样性和丰富度均显著提高,以占烘干土重10%生物炭和氮肥配施效果最好。生物炭可以降低土壤酸度、丰富土壤氨氧化微生物多样性和群落结构,在实际生产中可优先考虑生物炭和氮肥配施模式。To explore the response of soil acidification,ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB),and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)to the combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer,soil culture experiment with different amounts of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer was conducted with the soil that had been planted with coffee for more than ten consecutive years.The results showed that the combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer alleviated the decrease in soil pH,reduced the content of exchangeable Al^(3+)in the soil,and significantly increased the total organic carbon content.The relative abundance of AOB was higher than 57%,which was the main ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms.The total number,diversity,and richness of AOB and AOA were significantly increased by biochar application combined with nitrogen fertilizer,with the best effects observed at a combined application of 10%biochar by dry soil weight and nitrogen fertilizer.Biochar could reduce soil acidity and enrich the diversity and community structure of soil ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms.Thus,the combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer should be given priority in practical production.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤酸度 氨氧化微生物 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]