施磷与轮作影响土壤线虫丰度和功能多样性的途径  

Effects of phosphorus application and rotation on soil nematode abundance and functional diversity

作　　者：乌日罕 冯媛媛 高英志[1,2] Wurihan;FENG Yuan-yuan;GAO Ying-zhi(Institute of Grassland Science,Northeast Normal University,Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education,Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration,Changchun Jilin 130024;College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Desert Area of the Ministry of Education,Urumqi Xinjiang 830052)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学草地科学研究所,植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,吉林松嫩草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,吉林长春130024 [2]新疆农业大学草业学院,西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第12期78-83,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新项目(2023E01008);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0117000);国家自然科学基金(32271579)。

摘　　要：土壤线虫在土壤食物网中占据着中心位置,在促进物质循环和能量流动方面发挥着重要作用。施磷和轮作作为常用的农业管理措施,具有改善土壤养分和促进植物生长等生态效应。因此,有必要总结梳理两者如何影响土壤线虫丰度和功能多样性。通过荟萃分析研究了施磷和轮作对土壤线虫丰度和功能多样性的影响,发现施磷通过改变土壤中有机碳含量、有效磷含量和根长密度来增加线虫总丰度和食细菌线虫丰度。而轮作主要通过增加有机质含量和微生物活性,进而增加食微线虫丰度、线虫多样性以及富集指数,并通过增强根系性状增加了土壤线虫结构指数。研究着重阐述了磷肥和轮作可通过改变土壤理化性质影响土壤线虫丰度和功能多样性,可为农业可持续性发展提供理论基础。Soil nematodes occupy a central position in the soil food web and play an important role in promoting material cycling and energy flow.Phosphorus application and crop rotation,as common agricultural management practices,have ecological effects such as promoting plant growth and improving soil nutrients.Therefore,it is necessary to summarize and sort out the effects of both on the abundance and functional diversity of soil nematodes and their pathways.Through metaanalysis,the effects of phosphorus application and crop rotation on soil nematode abundance and functional diversity were studied,it was found that phosphorus application increased total nematode abundance and bacterial-feeding nematode abundance by altering soil organic carbon content,available phosphorus content and root length density.In contrast,crop rotation primarily enhanced organic matter content and microbial activity,thereby increased bacterial-feeding nematode abundance,fungi-feeding nematode abundance,nematode diversity,and enrichment indices.Additionally,it improved soil nematode structure indices by promoting root traits.The results of the study illustrated phosphorus fertilization and crop rotation influenced the abundance and functional diversity of soil nematodes by altering soil physicochemical properties,which might provide a theoretical basis for agricultural sustainability.

关 键 词：施磷 轮作 土壤线虫多样性 功能类群 生态指数 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]