叶面阻隔联合土壤钝化在中轻度镉污染碱性麦田上的降镉效果  

Effects of foliar spraying and passivator on reducing cadmium content of wheat under alkaline farmland soil with mildly cadmium pollution

作　　者：刘臻函 刘美英 赵宝平[2] 解婷 杨纪元 王永宁 杨波 兴安 LIU Zhen-han;LIU Mei-ying;ZHAO Bao-ping;XIE Ting;YANG Ji-yuan;WANG Yong-ning;YANG Bo;XING An(College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010011;College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010019;Inner Mongolia Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resource Protection Center,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010000;Bayannur Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Bayannur Inner Mongolia 015000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室,农业生态安全与绿色发展自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [2]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]内蒙古农牧业生态与资源保护中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010000 [4]巴彦淖尔市农牧局,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第12期197-203,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-07);农业农村部耕地重金属污染防治联合攻关项目。

摘　　要：碱性农田土壤镉(Cd)污染导致春小麦等农产品Cd超标,危害人类健康,亟待对受污染耕地进行安全利用和治理修复。以内蒙古某Cd污染农田为研究对象,研究了土施钝化剂生物炭、膨润土和叶面喷施阻隔剂磷酸二氢钠、锰锌微肥及其联用等小麦安全种植技术的降Cd效果,确保农产品质量达标。研究结果表明,联合修复技术均使得小麦籽粒Cd含量达到了食品安全限量标准,其中在土壤使用生物炭与叶面喷施锰锌微肥联合修复下籽粒Cd含量较对照降低53.8%,通过减小小麦籽粒的Cd富集系数,进而有效降低小麦籽粒Cd含量。可见,叶面阻隔联合钝化技术,尤其是叶面喷施锰锌微肥的同时土施生物炭能更有效地阻隔春小麦对Cd的吸收和转运,降低春小麦籽粒Cd的含量,是值得在Cd中轻度污染碱性麦田推广应用的技术。Cadmium(Cd)pollution in alkaline farmland soil has caused excessive Cd levels in agricultural products such as spring wheat,posing a threat to human health.It is urgent to ensure the safe utilization and remediation of contaminated farmland.Taking a Cd-polluted farmland in Inner Mongolia as the research object,the effectiveness of wheat safe planting techniques in reducing Cd levels and ensuring the quality of agricultural products were investigated,including soil application of biochar,bentonite,and foliar spraying of sodium dihydrogen phosphate,manganese-zinc micro-fertilizers,and their combination.The results showed that the content of Cd in wheat was decreased below the standard value of food contaminant when combined using foliar spraying and passivator.Among them,the combined remediation of soil application of biochar and foliar spraying of manganese-zinc micro-fertilizers reduced the grain cadmium content by 53.8%,compared to the control group.It reduced the Cd enrichment coefficient of wheat grains and effectively decreased the Cd content in the grains.The foliar spraying combined with the soil passivation,especially the simultaneous soil application of biochar and foliar spraying of manganese-zinc micro-fertilizers,could more effectively block the absorption and transportation of Cd by spring wheat.As a result,the content of Cd in the grains was reduced.Therefore,it is a technology worth promoting and applying in mildly Cd-polluted alkaline wheat fields.

关 键 词：镉污染 春小麦 土壤钝化 叶面阻隔 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]