城市空间形态对街区热舒适性的影响及优化研究——以韩国京畿道为例  

Influences of Urban Forms on Block-Level Thermal Comfort and Its Optimization: A Case Study of Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

作　　者：李英男 张宇涵 周志成 王跃栋 余兆武 李正兒 孙华平 李冠霖 宋泳根 LI Yingnan;ZHANG Yuhan;ZHOU Zhicheng;WANG Yuedong;YU Zhaowu;LEE Junga;SUN Huaping;LI Guanlin;SONG Youngkeun(Department of Environmental Design,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,China,212013;Graduate School of Environmental Studies,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea,08826;OJeong Resilience Institute,Korea University,Seoul,South Korea,02841;Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Fudan University,Shanghai,China,200438;Division of Environmental Science&Ecological Engineering,Korea University,Seoul,South Korea,02841;School of Economics and Management,University of Science&Technology Beijing,Beijing,China,100083;School of Environment and Safety Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,China,212013;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou,Jiangsu,China,215009)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学环境设计系,镇江212013 [2]首尔国立大学环境大学院,首尔08826 [3]高丽大学OJeong复原力研究所,首尔02841 [4]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海200438 [5]高丽大学环境生态工学部,首尔02841 [6]北京科技大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [7]江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,镇江212013 [8]苏州科技大学江苏水处理技术与材料协同创新中心,苏州215009

出　　处：《园林》2025年第2期42-51,共10页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“绿色转型视角下中国深度融入全球低碳经济治理机制研究”(编号:21AZD067);韩国研究财团项目“基于城市形态的最佳蓝绿空间构建方案:缓解城市热岛效应的研究”;韩国京畿研究院项目“京畿道生物栖息地属性信息分析研究”。

摘　　要：城市化迅速发展、城市空间形态日益多样化的背景下,城市空间形态显著影响室外微气候和热舒适度,这直接关系到人们对室外空间的使用频率。以韩国京畿道的两座典型卫星城为案例,通过实地观测和数值模拟相结合的方法,揭示街区尺度上不同城市空间形态特征(如建筑高度、建筑密度和绿地率)对微气候和热舒适的影响,并进一步提出相应的优化策略。研究发现,城市空间形态对微气候的季节性影响具有显著的时段性差异:夏季微气候差异在日最高温时段最为显著,冬季则在上午时段尤为突出。热舒适性的主导因素表现出季节性变化,夏季受天空开阔指数和绿地率影响显著,冬季则主要由天空开阔指数和建筑密度决定。此外,天空开阔指数在不同季节对热舒适性的影响方向相反,表明应合理规划建筑密度和开敞空间,以提高全年热舒适性。旨在为城市规划和设计提供科学依据,帮助改善城市热环境,提高居民生活品质。In the context of rapid urbanization and increasingly diverse urban forms,urban forms significantly influence outdoor spaces’microclimates and thermal comfort,directly affecting the frequency of people’s use of outdoor spaces.This study takes Gyeonggi-do,South Korea,as a case study.Combining on-site measurement with numerical simulations reveals the impact patterns and optimization strategies of microclimate and thermal comfort at the block-level,which are influenced by different urban morphological characteristics such as building height,building density,and green coverage.The research found that the seasonal impact of urban form on microclimate has significant temporal differences:the differences in microclimate during summer are most pronounced during the peak daily temperature,while in winter,they are particularly prominent in the morning.The dominant thermal comfort factors show seasonal changes,with sky view factor(SVF)and green space rate significantly affecting summer comfort.At the same time,in winter,they are mainly determined by the SVF and building density.In addition,the SVF has the opposite impact on thermal comfort in different seasons,indicating that building density and open spaces should be planned reasonably to improve thermal comfort throughout the year.This study provides scientific evidence for urban planning and design,helping to improve urban thermal environments and enhance residents’quality of life.

关 键 词：城市热环境 人体热舒适性 微气候 生理等效温度 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]