生态修复视角下浙江省白鹭适应型驳岸特征指标分析及修复策略研究  

Research on Characteristic Index Analysis and Restoration Strategy of Adaptive Revetment for Egrets in Zhejiang Province Under the Perspective of Ecological Restoration

作　　者：项杰 邹伟 李胜[2] 陶一舟[2] XIANG Jie;ZOU Wei;LI Sheng;TAO Yizhou(Zhejiang A&F University Landscape Architecture Institute,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,311300;College of Landscape Architecture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,311300)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学园林设计院有限公司,杭州311300 [2]浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《园林》2025年第2期105-113,共9页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：国家林业和草原局软科学项目“国家公园体系下的解说系统构建研究——自然教育视角”(编号:2020131027);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目“乡村振兴战略背景下的浙江森林特色小镇绩效评价体系研究”(编号:LGN19E080002)。

摘　　要：白鹭作为生物景观和生态指示物种,其栖息地有效的生态恢复对提升区域物种多样性具有重要意义。从鸟类栖息地生态修复的视角出发,根据浙江省白鹭的迁徙路线选取了22个白鹭觅食区进行实地调研,并利用RStudio软件对白鹭数量与自然水岸特征指标进行皮尔逊(Pearson)相关性分析与线性回归分析,量化研究白鹭觅食区的自然水岸特征。结果显示,白鹭数量与水岸坡度呈显著负相关,与水岸宽度呈显著正相关,而与植被覆盖度及水质数据相关性较弱。基于实地调研与分析结果,提出三项生态修复策略建议:(1)驳岸坡度应控制在2%以内,并适当增加水深在10.4±5 cm区域的驳岸宽度,驳岸形态可根据具体环境构建湖泊类、河道类、水田类、小岛类和水塘类5种形式;(2)驳岸植物群落结构应以灌草两层和草本一层为宜,植物种类选择需考虑白鹭的隐蔽性及其食源生物的生存环境;(3)驳岸区域的水质应尽量保持与现有觅食区水质数据相近,以满足白鹭食源生物的生存需求。旨在为白鹭觅食区的生态修复提供参考依据,对维护生物多样性及改善生态环境具有重要意义。Egrets,as bioscape and ecological indicator species,have habitats whose effective ecological restoration is vital for enhancing regional species diversity.This study,from the perspective of bird habitat ecological restoration,selected 22 egret foraging areas along their migration routes in Zhejiang Province for field investigation.Using RStudio software,Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted to quantify the relationship between egret numbers and natural shoreline characteristics.The results show that egret numbers are significantly negatively correlated with shoreline slope and significantly positively correlated with shoreline width,while correlations with vegetation cover and water quality are weaker.Based on the field investigation and analysis,three ecological restoration strategies are recommended:(1)Shoreline slopes should be controlled within 2%,and the width of shorelines in areas with water depths of 10.4±5 cm should be appropriately increased.Shoreline morphology can be designed in five forms:lake,river,paddy field,island,and pond;(2)The structure of shoreline plant communities should ideally consist of a two-layer shrub-grass structure or a single herbaceous layer,with plant species selected to consider the concealment needs of egrets and the habitat requirements of their prey;(3)The water quality in shoreline areas should closely match the existing water quality of foraging areas to meet the habitat needs of egret prey species.This study provides a reference for the ecological restoration of egret foraging areas and is significant for maintaining biodiversity and improving the ecological environment.

关 键 词：白鹭觅食区 驳岸特征指标 生态修复 修复策略 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]