菌酶协同处理对棉籽粕蛋白品质的影响  

Effects of microbial and enzyme co-treatment on protein quality of cottonseed meal

作　　者：李仲玄 魏嘉 李治城 刘军 毛祥 赵琦锴 王风青 李丽 LI Zhong-xuan;WEI Jia;LI Zhi-cheng;LIU Jun;MAO Xiang;ZHAO Qi-kai;WANG Feng-qing;LI Li

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学生物工程学院,四川宜宾644000 [2]乐山恒峰华邦生物科技有限公司,四川乐山614000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第24期107-112,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(项目编号:2022NSFSC1733);四川轻化工大学“652”科研创新团队计划(项目编号:SUSE652B003)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究菌酶协同处理对棉籽粕蛋白品质的影响。试验采用屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium E)和米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae M1)发酵棉籽粕,通过单因素试验筛选外源蛋白酶,利用响应面设计对蛋白酶添加量、酶解时间和酶解温度进行优化及验证,以期降低棉籽粕中游离棉酚含量、提升棉籽粕蛋白品质。结果显示,与未经处理的棉籽粕相比,当经过菌酶发酵,加入2×10^(4) U/g复合蛋白酶(酸性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶,1∶1),45℃酶解24 h后,发酵棉籽粕中游离棉酚的含量降低至53.03 mg/kg,降解率达96.13%;粗蛋白、酸溶蛋白含量可达到56.54%、37.73%。研究表明,发酵棉籽粕能改善棉籽蛋白品质,极大程度降低游离棉酚含量,可为棉籽粕的应用提供参考。The experiment aimed to investigate the impact of microbial and enzymatic co-treatment on the protein quality of cottonseed meal.The trial involved fermenting cottonseed meal with Enterococcusfaecium E.and Aspergillusoryzae M1,and then screening exogenous proteases through single-factor trials.Response surface methodology was used to optimize and validate the addition of proteases,enzymatic hydrolysis time,and temperature,with the goal of reducing free gossypol content in cottonseed meal while enhancing its protein quality.The results showed that compared to untreated cottonseed meal,after fermentation with microbial and enzymatic,and the addition of a composite protease(a mixture of acid protease and trypsin in a 1∶1 ratio)at 2×10^(4) U/g,with enzymatic hydrolysis at 45℃for 24 hours,the content of free gossypol in the enzymatically hydrolyzed and fermented cottonseed meal was reduced to 53.03 mg/kg,with a degradation rate of 96.13%.The crude protein and acid-soluble protein content in the enzymatically hydrolyzed and fermented cottonseed meal reached 56.54%and 37.73%,respectively.The study indicates that fermentation of cottonseed meal can improve the quality of cottonseed protein and significantly reduce the content of free gossypol,providing a reference for the application of cottonseed meal.

关 键 词：棉籽粕 游离棉酚 菌酶协同处理 酸溶蛋白 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]