2017—2022年徐州市鼓楼区中小学生和幼托机构儿童传染病疫情特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases among primary and middle school students and children in Gulou District,Xuzhou City,2017-2022

作　　者：刘娅娴 鲍萌 LIU Yaxian;BAO Meng(Xuzhou Gulou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuzhou 221005,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州市鼓楼区疾病预防控制中心,江苏徐州221005

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第10期733-736,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解2017—2022年徐州市鼓楼区中小学生和幼托机构儿童传染病发病规律及流行趋势,为学校传染病防控提供科学依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统平台”下载学生传染病信息,从鼓楼区学校卫生科和计划生育部门年统计报表中获得学生数信息。采用Excel 2003对2017—2022年徐州市鼓楼区中小学生和幼托机构儿童传染病数据进行整理,采用频数和发病率[n(%)]对传染病发病资料进行描述,运用SPSS 17.0统计,分析鼓楼区中小学生和幼托机构儿童传染病疫情特征。结果2017—2022年徐州市鼓楼区共报告中小学生和幼托机构儿童传染病12种4716例,年均发病率为1187.83/10万,无甲类传染病报告。中、小学生和幼托机构儿童平均发病率分别为446.24/10万、1149.59/10万、2295.00/10万,不同类别学校的传染病发病率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01),托幼机构发病率最高,小学次之,中学最低。传染病的发生有明显的季节性特点,且各传染病均有发病高峰期。各年度的发病率呈先上升后下降的趋势,考虑与新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控有关。排名居前5位的病种依次是流行性感冒、水痘、手足口、其他感染性腹泻和流行性腮腺炎,占发病总数的97.05%。不同病种的传染病发病率男生为1210.17/10万,女生为1091.59/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.24,P<0.01)。结论2017—2022年徐州市鼓楼区中小学生和幼托机构儿童传染病发病率总体呈先上升后下降的趋势。幼托机构儿童的传染病发病率远高于中小学生,流行性感冒、水痘、手足口、其他感染性腹泻和流行性腮腺炎的发病居前5位,是重点防控的传染病。Objective The purpose of this study was to understand the incidence and epidemic trends of infectious diseases among primary and middle school students and children in childcare institutions in Gulou District,Xuzhou City,from 2017 to 2022,to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools.Methods Students’infectious disease information was downloaded from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System platform.The number of students was obtained from the annual statistical report of the Gulou District school health department and family planning department.Infectious disease data for primary and middle school students and children in Gulou District,Xuzhou City,from 2017 to 2022 were summarized in Excel 2003.Frequency and incidence data were statistically analyzed in SPSS 17.0 to determine the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases among primary and middle school students and childcare institutions in Gulou District.Results From 2017 to 2022,a total of 4716 cases of 12 infectious diseases were reported in primary and middle school students and children in Gulou District,Xuzhou City.The average annual incidence was 1187.83/100000,and no class A infectious diseases were reported.The average incidence among middle and primary school students,and children in childcare institutions was 446.24/100000,1149.59/100000,and 2295.00/100000,respectively.The difference in infectious disease incidence statistically significantly differed among categories of schools(all P<0.01).The incidence was highest in nursery institutions,followed by primary schools,and was lowest in middle schools.The occurrence of infectious diseases showed clear seasonal characteristics,and all infectious diseases showed peaks of incidence,involving a rising and subsequent decreasing trend each year,which was associated with COVID-19 prevention and control.The five main diseases wereinfluenza,chicken pox,hand,foot and mouth disease,other infectious diarrhea,and mumps,accounting for 97.05%

关 键 词：中小学生 幼托机构儿童 传染病 流行趋势 重点防控 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]