日本桥梁基于耐久性与养护管理的设计技术  

Bridge Design Techniques Based on Durability and Maintenance Management in Japan

作　　者：陈开利(编译)[1] 刘海燕(编译) CHEN Kaili;LIU Haiyan(China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430050,China;State Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction,Wuhan 430034,China;China Railway Bridge Science Research Institute,Ltd.,Wuhan 430034,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁大桥局集团有限公司,湖北武汉430050 [2]桥梁智能与绿色建造全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430034 [3]中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《世界桥梁》2025年第1期1-8,共8页World Bridges

摘　　要：日本从20世纪90年代开始,桥梁工程建设基本上是以修建中小跨度桥梁为主,并且逐渐从以建设新桥为主向以养护管理为主转型。随着新建桥梁规模和数量的减小,提高桥梁耐久性、加强桥梁养护管理、延长桥梁使用寿命成为研究重点。在耐久性设计方面,安威川桥主梁底板与波形钢腹板结合处采用了防腐涂装技术,多摩川晴空桥钢箱梁采用了多项防腐蚀和耐疲劳性能措施;对位于寒冷地区的PC桥梁,针对冻害和盐害梁体与桥面板采取多项耐久性对策;在沿海地区进行钢桥防腐性能与涂装技术试验研究等。在养护管理设计方面,多摩川晴空桥钢箱梁内、外布置了养护管理设施,东海北陆公路鹫见桥梁端采用了新型防水构造;武库川桥和芥川桥主梁采用蝶形腹板箱梁设计,可减轻自重并方便养护人员对PC多室箱梁内部进行检查;位于地震区的太田切川桥布置了监测抗震阻尼装置累积塑性变形量的测量仪器,以及拱肋检查通道等;日见梦大桥建立模拟斜拉索损伤的维修养护管理模型,以减少更换损伤斜拉索造成的社会影响。Japan concluded an era of creating record large-scale bridge projects and shifted towards the construction of medium-and small-scale bridges in 1990s,and has gradually given prominence to the maintenance management of existing assets instead of building new bridges in the following decades.The reduced scale and number of new bridges divert the bridge engineering towards the improvement of the durability,maintenance management,and service life of bridges.This paper introduces the design innovations in multiple representative medium-and small-span bridges in Japan,including the Aigawa Bridge in which the connections of the bottom slabs and corrugated steel webs of the main girder are coated for corrosion protection,the Tamagawa Sky Bridge whose steel box girders are specially treated to improve the corrosion resistance and fatigue performance,and the PC bridges in the cold climates where the girders exposed to freezing temperatures and salt erosion designed for sound durability,as well as the researches on the corrosion resistance and coating techniques for off-shore steel bridges.Four bridges are introduced to illustrate the advancement of maintenance management design,for instance,the Tamagawa Sky Bridge is equipped with exterior and interior maintenance facilities,the Sumi Bridge adopts new-type waterproofing layers at the ends of the main girder,and the Shinmeishin-Mukogawa Bridge and Akutagawa Bridge feature the butterfly webs that reduce the weights of the girders and facilitate the access of crews to inspect the bridges inside the multi-cell PC box girders.The Otagirigawa Bridge is fitted with devices to monitor the cumulative plastic deformation of seismic dampers and the access for arch rib inspection.A BIM model is built up for the remedial and maintenance of the stay cables of Himoyume Bridge,to reduce the interruption of stay cable replacement to the public.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 耐久性 养护管理 防腐涂装 养护设施 蝶形腹板 检查通道 维修养护管理模型 

分 类 号：U445.7[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]