西藏大白杜鹃组培快繁技术研究  

Tissue Culture of Rhododendron decorum from Xizang

作　　者：张腾龙 谭大明[3] 傅强[1,2] 赵凯歌[1,2] 刘秀群[1,2,3] Zhang Tenglong;Tan Daming;Fu Qiang;Zhao Kaige;Liu Xiuqun(National Key Lab.of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;College of Horticulture&Forestry,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Institute of Vegetables,Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850032,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所,西藏拉萨850032

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2024年第12期88-95,共8页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目中的重点研发及转化项目(XZ202201ZY0006N)。

摘　　要：目的:目前大白杜鹃(Rhododendron decorum Franch.)以种子繁殖方式为主,但由于种子萌发率低,繁育时间长,虽能扦插育苗,但较难生根,同时受季节和资源的限制,利用组培快繁技术可以有效对大白杜鹃进行快速繁殖和保护。方法:以大白杜鹃当年生嫩叶为实验材料,探索适宜大白杜鹃初代培养、继代培养以及生根培养基配方,以建立大白杜鹃组培快繁体系。结果:大白杜鹃外植体用75%酒精消毒20 s,配合0.1%HgCl_(2)消毒8 min污染率最低(46.67%);当聚乙烯吡络烷酮(PVP)浓度为2.0 g/L、维生素C(VC)浓度为50 mg/L时褐化率较低(16.67%);当基本培养基为木本植物培养基(WPM)添加1.0 mg/L的噻苯隆(TDZ)和0.5 mg/L的α-萘乙酸(NAA)时,愈伤组织诱导率最高(55.56%);当基本培养基为WPM添加1.5 mg/L玉米素(ZT)、1.5 mg/L吲哚丁酸(IBA)和1.5 mg/L赤霉素(GA_(3))时丛生芽增殖倍数最高为7.63倍,有效芽率也较高(63.71%);当基本培养基为1/2 MS培养基添加2.0 mg/L NAA和0.5 mg/LIBA时,丛生芽生根效果最佳,生根率最高可达88.33%。结论:利用组培快繁技术可以对西藏大白杜鹃种质资源进行快速繁殖,为其保存及开发利用奠定基础。Objective:The propagation of Rhododendron decorum mainly relied on seeds.However,due to the low seed germination rate and long breeding time,although it could be propagated by cuttings,it was difficult to take root.Additionally,seed germination was limited by seasonal and resources constraints.Therefore,an effective rapid propagation method was urgently needed for its conservation and breeding.Methods:The experimental material was tender leaves in current year of R.decorum.Tender leaves were explored the suitable primary culture,subculture and rooting medium formula of R.decorum,to establish the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of R.decorum.Results:The lowest contamination rate was 46.67% when the explants were disinfected with 75% alcohol for 20 s and 0.1%HgCl_(2)for 8 min.When the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)was 2.0 g/L and the concentration of vitamin C(VC)was 50 mg/L,the browning rate was relatively low at 16.67%.When the basic medium was woody plant medium(WPM)with 1.0 mg/L of thiamethoxazole(TDZ)and 0.5 mg/L of α-naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)added,the highest callus induction rate was 55.56%.When the basic culture medium was WPM with 1.5 mg/L zeatin(ZT),1.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid(IBA),and 1.5 mg/L gibberellin(GA_(3))added,the maximum proliferation rate of clustered buds was 7.63 times,and the effective bud rate was also high at 63.71%.When the basic medium was 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L IBA,the rooting effect of cluster buds was the best,and the rooting rate was up to 88.33%.Conclusion:This study lays a foundation for the preservation,development and utilization of R.decorum germplasm resources in Xizang.

关 键 词：大白杜鹃 组培快繁 增殖培养 生根培养 

分 类 号：S685[农业科学—观赏园艺]