中国大陆鸟类物种多样性特征及影响因素  

Characteristics of avian species diversity and influencing factors in China's Mainland

作　　者：范佳旭 连懿[1,2] 高晖春 李海笑 贺梦璇 崔磊 莫训强[1] FAN Jiaxu;LIAN Yi;GAO Huichun;LI Haixiao;HE Mengxuan;CUI Lei;MO Xunqiang(Faculty of Geographical Science,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;National Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hubei Polytechnic University,Huangshi 435003,China;Navigation College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学地理学部,天津300387 [2]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [3]湖北理工学院环境工程与科学学院,黄石435003 [4]集美大学航海学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第2期596-614,共19页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部春晖计划合作科研项目(202200324);Key project of Hubei Province Education Department(D20224502);天津市自然科学基金青年基金(22JCQNJC01430);天津师范大学博士资助项目(52XB1902)。

摘　　要：中国鸟类物种多样性的研究存在空间尺度的局限性。以中国省级行政区划为地理统计单元,采用eBird公民科学数据,引入G-F指数来量化评价鸟类物种多样性特征。在此基础上,利用空间自相关分析方法探究鸟类物种多样性的空间分布特征,并建立地理加权回归模型分析鸟类物种多样性影响因子的空间异质性。研究结果表明:(1)中国鸟类物种多样性总体呈现由东南沿海向西北内陆逐渐减少的空间分布趋势,并呈现经度条带分异的空间规律;(2)各影响因子对鸟类物种多样性的影响程度存在明显的空间差异:气温因子呈现北高南低的空间分布特征,降雪因子对鸟类物种多样性的影响主要局限于东北省份,水文因子对鸟类物种多样性的影响程度呈现从南北两侧向中部省份逐级递减的空间分布特征,植被因子对鸟类物种多样性的影响程度则呈现由西南省份向东北省份逐渐减弱的趋势,人类活动因子对鸟类物种多样性影响表现出纬度方向集聚相连的空间分布特征。研究结果有助于丰富鸟类物种多样性的研究,并为鸟类资源保护和生物多样性维持提供科学依据。Research on the diversity of bird species in China has limitations in spatial scale.This study used provincial administrative divisions of China as geographic statistical units,employed eBird citizen science data,and introduced the G-F index to quantify and evaluate the characteristics of bird species diversity.Based on this,spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of bird species diversity,and a geographically weighted regression model was established to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of factors influencing bird species diversity.The results show that:(1)Overall,the spatial distribution trend of bird species diversity in China gradually decreases from the southeast coast to the northwest inland,exhibiting a spatial pattern of longitudinal band differentiation;(2)The degree of influence of each influencing factor on bird species diversity exhibits obvious spatial differences:temperature factors show a spatial distribution characteristic of higher in the north and lower in the south,the influence of snowfall factors on bird species diversity is mainly limited to northeastern provinces,the degree of influence of hydrological factors on bird species diversity gradually decreases from both sides to central provinces,the influence of vegetation factors on bird species diversity shows a trend of gradually weakening from southwestern provinces to northeastern provinces,and the influence of human activities on bird species diversity exhibits a spatial distribution characteristic of latitude direction aggregation.These research results contribute to enriching the study of bird species diversity and providing scientific basis for bird resource protection and biodiversity conservation.

关 键 词：鸟类多样性 空间分布 G-F指数 地理加权回归(GWR)模型 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]