尖被藜芦上侵对长白山苔原原生植物与土壤肥力的影响  

The effects of upward invasion of Veratrum oxysepalum on the native plant and soil fertility in the tundra of Changbai Mountain

作　　者：雷虹 胡睿 许嘉巍 靳英华 徐晓云 张思琪 侯汝栋 彭博妍 李宇 杨雪婷 LEI Hong;HU Rui;XU Jiawei;JIN Yinghua;XU Xiaoyun;ZHANG Siqi;HOU Rudong;PENG Boyan;LI Yu;YANG Xueting(Key Laboratory of Geographical Process and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountain,Ministry of Education,School of Geographical Science,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;Graduate School of Agriculture,Hokkaido University,Sapporo 060-8589,Japan)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,长白山地理过程与生态安全教育部重点实验室,长春130024 [2]北海道大学,农学院大学院,札幌060-8589

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第2期788-801,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金项目(20220101151JC);国家自然科学基金项目(41571078)。

摘　　要：高山苔原生态系统对全球气候变化响应强烈,全球范围内广泛出现了草本植物上侵现象。近期发现,尖被藜芦迅速上侵长白山苔原,成为上侵能力最强的草本植物,原生灌木优势种牛皮杜鹃以及苔原土壤肥力也快速变化。研究尖被藜芦上侵过程对原生植物与土壤肥力的影响,对探究全球气候变化下的苔原生态系统变化趋势具有重要参考意义。通过对尖被藜芦不同入侵程度的牛皮杜鹃群落样地进行连续三年的监测,研究尖被藜芦和牛皮杜鹃生物量以及土壤肥力变化;结合空间代替时间方法,揭示尖被藜芦上侵不同阶段的牛皮杜鹃生物量以及土壤肥力的差异。研究结果表明,随着尖被藜芦上侵程度加重,牛皮杜鹃生物量不断降低,土壤有机质与总氮含量不断下降,速效氮与速效磷含量不断升高,但牛皮杜鹃生物量和土壤肥力变化逐渐趋缓,牛皮杜鹃生物量与土壤肥力间存在高度相关性。尖被藜芦上侵过程中,上侵速度与土壤肥力变化之间可能出现正反馈到负反馈的转变,植物群落结构与土壤肥力趋于稳定。The alpine tundra ecosystem has a sensitive response to global climate change,and widespread studies of continuous upward invasion of herbaceous plants had been reported.The upward invasion of herbaceous plants is characterized by stages and spatial variation.Recently,Veratrum oxysepalum was observed to expand rapidly in the tundra of Changbai Mountain,becoming the dominant upward invasive species.The original dominant species,shrub plant Rhododendron aureum communities,and soil fertility in the tundra,also change synchronously.The study of the impact of the upward invasion process of Veratrum oxysepalum on native shrub plants and soil fertility is significant to demonstrate the response of tundra ecosystem to global climate change.This study continuously monitored the biomass of Veratrum oxysepalum and Rhododendron aureum communities,and measured soil fertility in different upward invasion degrees of Veratrum oxysepalum from 2017 to 2019;Using the spatial instead of temporal method,reveals the differences of herb and shrub plants communities′biomass,along with soil total and available nutrients supplies at different stages of upward invasion by Veratrum oxysepalum.The results indicate that,with the upward degree of invasion of Veratrum oxysepalum increased,the biomass of Rhododendron aureum decreased continuously,and the content of soil organic matter(SOM)and total nitrogen(TN)decreased continuously.In contrast,soil available nitrogen(AN)and available phosphorus(AP)contents increased.However,different changing trends in the biomass of Rhododendron aureum and soil fertility under different degrees of Veratrum oxysepalum upward invasion emerged:from none upward to mild upward invasion stage,the changes of Veratrum oxysepalum and Rhododendron aureum biomass were the fastest,with the soil fertility changes were also the most significant;As the degree of upward invasion of Veratrum oxysepalum increased,the rate of biomass change of Veratrum oxysepalum and Rhododendron aureum slowed down,and the amplitude of soil fe

关 键 词：草本植物上侵 长白山苔原 尖被藜芦 牛皮杜鹃 生物量 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]