林分-流域森林凋落物持水能力空间尺度上推模型构建——以河南宝天曼蛮子庄流域为例  

Development of spatial upscaling models for stand-to-watershed forest litter water holding capacity:a case study in the Manzizhuang watershed in Baotianman,Henan Province

作　　者：余恩旭 刘世荣[1,2] 张明芳 侯怡萍 孙美荣 邓诗宇 YU Enxu;LIU Shirong;ZHANG Mingfang;HOU Yiping;SUN Meirong;DENG Shiyu(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Baotianman Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Nanyang 474365,China;School of Resources and Environment,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;Department of Earth,Environmental and Geographic Sciences,University of British Columbia(Okanagan),1177 Research Road,Kelowna,British Columbia V1V 1V7,Canada)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,北京100091 [2]河南宝天曼森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,南阳474365 [3]电子科技大学资源与环境学院,成都611731 [4]不列颠哥伦比亚大学(奥肯那根校区),加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省V1V 1V7

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第2期911-922,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题项目(2021YFD2200405);国家自然科学基金项目(31930078)。

摘　　要：森林凋落物持水能力是森林生态水文研究的重要内容之一。然而当前研究多集中在样地或林分尺度。如何将林分实测结果上推至流域或更大空间尺度一直是生态水文学研究的难点之一。以典型暖温带天然林流域河南宝天曼蛮子庄为例,基于林分调查和凋落物持水特性测定,结合遥感植被指数和树种组成比例等植被结构和环境因子构建凋落物持水能力林分-流域尺度上推模型,量化流域尺度森林凋落物持水能力及其空间格局。结果表明:(1)凋落物层最大持水量与坡度、树高和锐齿槲栎占比显著相关,凋落物层有效拦蓄量与多年平均地上生物量和锐齿槲栎占比显著相关。其中,锐齿槲栎比例是凋落物层持水量最为关键的因子。随着锐齿槲栎比例由0%增加到100%,凋落物层最大持水量和有效拦蓄量分别显著提升59.2和55.6%(P<0.05)。(2)植被结构特征因子引入锐齿槲栎占比后,凋落物最大持水量和有效拦蓄量尺度上推模型拟合优度显著提升,R^(2)分别达到0.918和0.857,模型预测效果显著提升。(3)根据尺度上推模型估算结果,流域凋落物平均最大持水量和有效拦蓄量分别为17.69、17.13t/hm^(2)。流域中部凋落物最大持水量较高;流域北、南部的凋落物有效拦蓄量较高。(4)流域低海拔缓坡地带、NDVI最大值越高、多年平均地上生物量较小和锐齿槲栎占比越高的区域凋落物层持水能力更强。研究结果可为林业部门制定林水资源适应性森林经营管理措施提供科学依据。Water holding capacity of forest litter is an important topic for forest eco-hydrology.Yet,most studies on forest litter water holding capacity are performed at plot or stand scales.There remains a lack of effective methods to extrapolate the forest water holding capacity from the plot or stand scale to larger spatial scale,e.g.,watershed scale.By use of field sampling and experimental data on the water holding capacities of different types of forest stands and tree species composition along with remote sensing data e.g.,vegetation index in the Manzizhuang watershed in Baotianman,this study established the spatial upscaling models based on forest vegetation structures(e.g.,vegetation index and the proportions of different tree species)and environmental factors,and then applied the models to evaluate water holding capacity of forest litter and its spatial pattern at a watershed scale.We found that(1)The maximum water holding capacity of forest litter is significantly related to slope,tree height and the proportion of Quercus while the effective storage capacity is closely related to the average annual aboveground biomass and the proportion of Quercus.(2)The proportion of Quercus is a key factor for the water holding capacity of forest litter.The maximum water holding capacity and the effective storage capacity significantly increased by 59.2 and 55.6%(P<0.05),respectively,when the proportion of Quercus increased from 0 to 100%.Introducing the proportion of Quercus greatly promote the performance of the upscaling models of maximum water holding capacity and effective storage capacity forest litter with higher R^(2)values of 0.918 and 0.875,respectively,and lower values of stand deviation(SD),root mean square error(RMSE)and mean absolute error(MAE).(3)According to the upscaling results,the average values of maximum water holding capacity and effective storage capacity of forest litter were 17.69 and 17.13 t/hm^(2),respectively in Manzizhuang watershed.The areas with higher litter maximum water holding capacity were

关 键 词：水源涵养 锐齿槲栎 凋落物 持水特性 尺度上推模型 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]