接种体状态和不同材料覆盖对人工蓝藻结皮拓殖的影响  

Effects of inoculum condition and different material mulches on the colonization of artificial cyanobacterial crusts

作　　者：连煜超 白剑 刘荣霞 王健鸿 张国君 虎瑞 赵洋 LIAN Yuchao;BAI Jian;LIU Rongxia;WANG Jianhong;ZHANG Guojun;HU Rui;ZHAO Yang(Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station/Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwests Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Ningxia Environmental Protection Group,Yinchuan 750000,China;Jujia ecological agriculture limited company,Jinchang 737100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,沙坡头沙漠研究试验站/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]宁夏环保集团有限责任公司,银川750000 [4]金昌居佳生态农业有限公司,金昌737100

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第2期950-961,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32471708,32171630);金川集团股份有限公司重大科技攻关项目(JKQGJJ23Z202302)。

摘　　要：人工蓝藻结皮沙化土地治理技术是新时代沙化土地治理的有效手段之一。然而,人工蓝藻结皮接种体的规模化量产以及接种后最佳辅助拓殖措施的选择始终是制约其治沙效率的瓶颈。研究以短期培养的干藻和湿藻作为接种体,结合玉米秸秆和无纺布两种覆盖方式,探讨了接种体状态和不同材料覆盖对人工蓝藻结皮拓殖的影响。结果表明:干湿两种状态接种体辅以玉米秸秆、无纺布两种覆盖方式的处理在自然条件下均成功拓殖,玉米秸秆覆盖相较于无纺布覆盖的环境调控作用更好,在控制风蚀、削弱光强以及延长累积有效湿润时间上发挥了重要作用,可以更好的促进人工蓝藻结皮拓殖。培养63 d后,玉米秸秆覆盖+干藻接种处理下人工蓝藻结皮盖度最高(27.9%);玉米秸秆覆盖+湿藻接种处理下人工蓝藻结皮厚度(6.5 mm)、叶绿素a含量(23.8μg/cm^(2))、松散结合胞外多糖含量(309.9μg/cm^(2))、紧密结合胞外多糖含量(176.5μg/cm^(2))和糖被胞外多糖含量(181.1μg/cm^(2))最高。回归分析结果表明,人工蓝藻结皮的盖度、叶绿素a和3种多糖含量与风蚀强度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。人工蓝藻结皮的盖度、厚度、叶绿素a和3种多糖含量与累积有效湿润时间呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。叶绿素a含量与累积有效湿润时间呈线性正相关,盖度、厚度和三种多糖含量则呈对数正相关;人工蓝藻结皮的各指标与光照强度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。盖度和糖被胞外多糖含量与光照强度呈二项式相关,其余指标则呈线性相关。以上结果表明,短期培养接种体在野外环境下的成功拓殖,为人工蓝藻结皮的规模化量产提供了新途径。同时,人工蓝藻结皮拓殖过程中,玉米秸秆覆盖措施良好的环境调控作用,丰富了人工蓝藻结皮接种初期辅助拓殖措施的选择。The technology of artificial cyanobacterial crusts for desert land management is one of the effective methods for combating desertification in the new times.However,the large-scale production of artificial cyanobacterial crusts inocula and the determination of optimal auxiliary colonization measures post-inoculation remain significant bottlenecks impeding the efficiency of this desertification control strategy.In this study,we investigated the effects of different conditions of inoculum(dry algae and wet algae)and two types of mulching(maize straw and non-woven fabric)on the colonization of artificial cyanobacterial crusts.The results showed that both the wet and dry inocula were successfully colonized under natural conditions with two mulching methods of maize straw and non-woven fabric.Maize straw mulching offers superior environmental regulation compared to non-woven fabric mulching,playing a significant role in controlling wind erosion,reducing light intensity,and extending the duration of sum of effective wetting time,thereby more effectively promoting the colonization of artificial cyanobacterial crusts.After 63 days of cultivation,the highest coverage of artificial cyanobacterial crusts(27.9%)was achieved under the treatment of maize straw mulching combined with dry algae inoculation.Under the treatment of maize straw mulching combined with wet algae inoculation,the thickness(6.5 mm),chlorophyll a content(23.8μg/cm^(2)),loosely bound exopolysaccharide content(309.9μg/cm^(2)),tightly bound exopolysaccharide content(176.5μg/cm^(2)),and glycocalyx exopolysaccharide content(181.1μg/cm^(2))is the highest.Regression analysis results showed that coverage,chlorophyll a content,and the content of the three types exopolysaccharides in artificial cyanobacterial crusts were significantly negatively correlated with wind erosion intensity(P<0.05).Coverage,thickness,chlorophyll a content,and the content of the three types exopolysaccharides were significantly positively correlated with sum of effective wetting time(P

关 键 词：沙漠化 人工生物土壤结皮 接种体 秸秆覆盖 累积有效湿润时间 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程]