头孢菌素类药物皮试管理与成效  

Management and Effect of Skin Test for Cephalosporin Drugs

作　　者：李艳超 张迪 王晓红 关静 张惠子 LI Yanchao;ZHANG Di;WANG Xiaohong;GUAN Jing;ZHANG Huizi(Clinical Pharmacy Department,Qiqihar Medical University the Third Affiliated Hospital,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161000)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔医学院附属第三医院临床药学科,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《智慧健康》2024年第31期144-146,共3页Smart Healthcare

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技计划联合引导项目《头孢菌素类药物皮试管理与成效》(项目编号:LSFGG-2023005)。

摘　　要：目的 回顾性分析取消头孢菌素皮试前后相关数据的变化情况,探讨推进取消头孢皮试政策落地的实践和成效。方法 调取2019年、2020年和2021年的数据,对比头孢菌素用药频度(defined daily doses,DDDs)、皮试率、不良反应发生率、抗菌药物使用强度等数据。结果 2019年抗菌药物使用强度为37.216 DDDs,2020年抗菌药物的使用强度为33.462 DDDs,2021年抗菌药物使用强度为30.030 DDDs。2019年皮试率100%,2020年皮试率31.76%,2021年皮试率26.11%,2019年与2020年、2019年与2021年、2020年与2021年皮试率具有显著性差异(P<0.001)。取消皮试前后的过敏反应发生率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。2019年、2020年和2021年患者皮试支出的总费用远远高于产生药品不良反应(ADR)的诊疗费用。采用调查问卷调查政策实施后院内医院医护人员对“取消头孢菌素皮试”的态度及头孢皮试相关内容的落实情况。结论 取消头孢菌素皮试后,降低了皮试成本及抗菌药物使用强度,优化了抗菌药物结构。Objective To review and analyze changes in relevant data before and after cancellation of cephalosporin skin tests,and explore practice and effect of the policy of canceling cephalosporin skin tests.Methods The paper retrieved data of 2019,2020 and 2021,and compared defined daily doses(DDDs),skin test rate,incidence of adverse reactions,and intensity of antibiotic use of cephalosporins between two years.Results Intensity of antibiotic use was 37.216 DDDs in 2019,33.462 DDDs in 2020,and 30.030 DDDs in 2021.The skin test rate was 100%in 2019 and 31.76%in 2020,with significant difference(P<0.001).The skin test rate was 100%in 2019 and 26.11%in 2021,with significant difference(P<0.001).The skin test rate was 31.76%in 2020 and 26.11%in 2021,with significant difference(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in incidence of allergic reactions before and after cancellation of skin test.Total cost of skin tests in 2019,2020,and 2021 was much higher than diagnosis and treatment costs associated with ADR.Attitude of medical staff in hospitals was investigated for cancellation policy of cephalosporin skin test and and relevant content implementation by with survey questionnaire.Conclusion Canceling cephalosporin skin test can reduce cost of skin test and intensity of antibacterial drug use,and optimize structure of antibacterial drugs.

关 键 词：头孢菌素 皮试 不良反应 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]