健脾类中药及其活性成分抗阿尔茨海默病研究进展  

Research Progress of Spleen-strengthening Chinese Medicine and its Active Components Against Alzheimer's Disease

作　　者：温晓 魏韶锋[1] 胡鹏翼[1] 郑琴[1] 章德林[1] WEN Xiao;WEI Shaofeng;HU Pengyi;ZHENG Qin;ZHANG Delin(Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学,南昌330004

出　　处：《江西中医药大学学报》2025年第1期121-128,共8页Journal of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81860874)。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种典型的老年退行性疾病,也是痴呆最常见的类型,临床上以记忆力减退、认知功能障碍等为主要表现。脾乃后天之本,气血生化之源,脾气亏虚,气血生化不足,精无所充,脑窍失充,神机失用则发为痴呆症,而脑髓空虚使痰浊阻滞有可乘之机,痰瘀长时留滞于脑窍,加速AD形成,故在防治AD时应重视脾胃的调节。研究发现,能够健脾化痰的中药有效成分及复方在AD防治中不可或缺,如皂苷类、黄酮类、多糖类等中药有效成分及四君子汤、当归芍药散、洗心汤等复方,可在动物、分子和细胞水平通过抑制Aβ聚集、抑制炎性反应、调节能量代谢、抑制神经细胞凋亡、抗氧化应激等多方面发挥较好的抗AD作用。现从健脾类中药有效成分及复方治疗AD的理论基础,多维度阐明其抗AD的生物学机制和科学性,以期为健脾类中药有效成分及复方治疗AD提供理论支持和科学依据,推进新药研发。Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a typical degenerative disease of old age and the most common type of dementia.The main clinical manifestations are memory loss and cognitive dysfunction.Spleen is the origin of acquired,the source of Qi and blood biochemistry,spleen deficiency,insufficient Qi and blood biochemistry,essence is not filled,brain orifice is not filled,and the inuse of Shenji will cause dementia,and the brain and marrow emptiness will block sputum turbidness,and the sputum and blood stasis will be left in the brain orifice when long,accelerating the formation of AD.Therefore,in the prevention and treatment of AD,attention should be paid to the regulation of the spleen and stomach.Studies have found that the active ingredients and compounds of traditional Chinese medicine that can strengthen spleen and reduce phlegm are indispensable in the prevention and treatment of AD.For example,the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine such as saponins,flavonoids and polysaccharides,and the compounds such as Sijunzi Decoction,Danggui Shaoyang Powder and Xianxin decoction can inhibit the aggregation of Aβ,inhibit the inflammatory response,regulate energy metabolism and inhibit the apoptosis of nerve cells at the animal,molecular and cellular levels.It plays a good anti-AD role in many aspects such as anti-oxidative stress.In this paper,the theoretical basis of the active components of spleen-strengthening Chinese medicine and its compound in the treatment of AD and the biological mechanism and scientificity of its anti-AD were expounded in multiple dimensions,in order to provide theoretical support and scientific basis for the effective components of spleen-strengthening Chinese medicine and its compound in the treatment of AD and promote the research and development of new Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：健脾类中药 中药活性成分 中药复方 阿尔茨海默病 作用机制 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学] R277.7[医药卫生—中医学]