长期护理保险对老年家庭金融脆弱性的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析  

The Impact of Long-term Care Insurance on the Financial Vulnerability of Elderly Households:Evidence from CHARLS

作　　者：周博文 臧旭恒[1] ZHOU Bowen;ZANG Xuheng(Shandong University,Jinan,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济学院,250100

出　　处：《经济学动态》2024年第12期111-127,共17页Economic Perspectives

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国家庭经济风险测度、成因及外溢性研究”(21&ZD088);山东省自然科学基金青年项目“中国家庭金融脆弱性的测度、成因及应对机制研究”(ZR2024QG050)。

摘　　要：基于人口老龄化进程不断加快的现实背景和防范化解经济金融风险的现实要求,如何提高老年家庭的风险抵御能力,促进老年家庭经济持续健康发展成为当前亟待解决的重要问题。本文采用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2011—2018年面板数据和多时点双重差分法评估了长期护理保险试点对老年家庭金融脆弱性的政策效果。研究发现:长期护理保险显著降低了老年家庭陷入金融脆弱性的概率,且这一影响在城镇地区、中等收入以及少子老年家庭中更为明显。长期护理保险主要通过减少老年群体的医疗服务使用和降低医疗费用、改善老年人健康状况等渠道降低老年家庭金融脆弱性。进一步分析发现,长期护理保险制度还对老年家庭的子女就业存在积极的溢出效应,能够显著增加劳动年龄人口子女从事非农工作的可能性。本文的研究从长期护理保险的视角为完善社会保障制度以增进老年家庭经济福祉提供了政策启示。Strengthening the financial stability guarantee system and effectively preventing and resolving financial risks are prerequisites for promoting high-quality development.The main measurement indicator of household financial risk,one of the important sources of economic and financial risks,is household financial vulnerability,which has received widespread attention.When the economic situation of the household sector continues to develop healthily,it will have a positive effect on strengthening the macroeconomic and financial stability system.Additionally,China's population development has undergone important changes,and the structural contradiction of population centered on population aging has become increasingly prominent.According to the United Nations'classification criteria,China has entered the stage of moderate aging.Therefore,in the context of the accelerating population aging and the realistic requirements of preventing and resolving financial risks,the financial vulnerability of elderly households should be given sufficient attention.To actively respond to the population aging,China has been piloting a long-term care insurance system since 2016.Long-term care insurance focuses on providing basic life care services and financial compensation,which can meet the care needs of the elderly,especially the disabled elderly,and reduce their financial burden.Based on this,it is worth paying attention to whether long-term care insurance impacts the financial vulnerability of elderly households.This paper uses panel data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)to construct a household financial vulnerability index based on household income and expenditure,assets,and debt.Meanwhile,considering the heterogeneity of policy timing in different cities,a staggered difference-in-differences(DID)method is used to empirically test the effect of long-term care insurance on the financial vulnerability of elderly households.The main conclusions of the paper are as follows.Firstly,long-term care insurance

关 键 词：长期护理保险 家庭金融脆弱性 人口老龄化 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]