海南地区石斑鱼微孢子虫病流行情况调查  

Epidemiological Investigation of Microsporidiosis in Grouper in Hainan

作　　者：赵志英 骆大鹏 胡琳琳 刘庆明 肖雨芙 徐力文[2] 蒙爱云 ZHAO Zhiying;LUO Dapeng;HU Linlin;LIU Qingming;XIAO Yufu;XU Liwen;MENG Aiyun(Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences,Haikou 570206,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省海洋与渔业科学院,海南海口570206 [2]中国水产科学院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第4期491-496,共6页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(320RC747);海南省热带海水养殖技术重点实验室开放基金项目(TMTOF-202001)。

摘　　要：石斑鱼微孢子虫病是一种重要病害,给石斑鱼养殖业造成了严重的经济损失。为了解海南地区石斑鱼微孢子虫病的发生危害和流行情况,采用定点监测和重点养殖区域采样检测的方法,于2021年3月-2022年12月对文昌、琼海、陵水、儋州和东方等5个市(县)的石斑鱼养殖场和育苗场进行了微孢子虫感染和流行情况调查。对1 976份石斑鱼样品的检测结果显示,5个市(县)均发生石斑鱼微孢子虫病,其中育苗场发病率为66.7%,养殖场发病率为30.0%,石斑鱼样品中微孢子虫总感染率为40.7%;不同规格的石斑鱼微孢子虫感染率差异不显著,3~12 cm的小规格石斑鱼和≥16 cm的大规格石斑鱼的微孢子虫感染率分别为40.3%和50.6%;不同品种的石斑鱼微孢子虫感染率差异极显著(P <0.01),珍珠龙胆石斑鱼苗的感染率最高达到73.6%,杉虎斑石斑鱼的感染率为50.3%,青石斑鱼的感染率为41.6%,赤点石斑鱼的感染率较低为18.1%,而豹纹鳃棘鲈则未发现感染微孢子虫。结果表明,海南地区养殖石斑鱼中普遍存在微孢子虫感染,尤其鱼苗较为严重,对石斑鱼养殖业造成巨大的威胁,应采取有效的措施防控微孢子虫病。Microsporidiosis of grouper is an important disease,which has caused serious economic losses to grouper culture industry.In order to understand the occurrence and prevalence of microsporidiosis in grouper in Hainan,a survey of microsporidiosis infection and prevalence was carried out in grouper farms and nursery farms in Wenchang,Qionghai,Lingshui,Danzhou and Dongfang from March 2021 to December 2022 by using the methods of fixed point monitoring and sampling detection in key culture areas.The detection results of 1976 grouper samples showed that grouper microsporidiosis occurred in the 5 cities(counties).The incidence of microsporidiosis was 66.7%in nursery farms and 30.0% in breeding farms.The total infection rate of microsporidiosis in grouper samples was 40.7%.There was no significant difference in the infection rate of microsporidium among different sizes of grouper.The infection rates of small size grouper(3-12 cm)and large size grouper(≥16cm)were 40.3% and 50.6%,respectively.The infection rate of microsporidium in different species of grouper was significantly different(P<0.01).The infection rate of pearl grouper was as high as 73.6%,that of pine grou-per was 50.3%,that of blue grouper was 41.6%,that of red grouper was 18.1%,and that of leopard grouper had no micro-sporidium.The results showed that microsporidiosis was prevalent in cultured grouper in Hainan,especially in the fry,which posed a great threat to grouper culture.Effective measures should be taken to prevent and control microsporidiosis.

关 键 词：海南地区 石斑鱼 微孢子虫病 流行情况 调查 

分 类 号：Q939.94[生物学—微生物学]