楚长城遗址群的结构和东周尺度  

The Structure and Eastern Zhou Scale of the Chu Great Wall Site Complex

作　　者：郭帅帅 曲安京[1,2] 冯慧敏 杨茗铄 GUO Shuaishuai;QU Anjing;FENG Huimin;Yang Mingshuo(Institute for Advanced Study in History of Science,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanities,Xi'an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学科学史高等研究院,西安710127 [2]陕西省文化遗产数字人文重点实验室,西安710127

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2024年第4期589-600,F0002,共13页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国历法史”(项目编号:22&ZD221);陕西省重点研发计划项目“数字化文化资源平台的智能分析与利用研究”(项目编号:2019ZDLGY17-03)。

摘　　要：河南省邓州楚长城遗址,是东周时期修建的一座大型散落建筑群,分布在占地8×3平方公里的丘陵地带,现存圆丘和方坛等地表建筑。通过谷歌地球对这些建筑群进行了数据采集,发现在它们之间,以方坛为中心,具有人为设计的几何结构与宇宙模型,其中方坛的方位指向了东周王城洛阳方向,主要遗址间的连线,构成了平行四边形与直角三角形等几何结构。按照数理考古的方法,对楚长城遗址群进行了数学建模,由此推导出东周的尺度,1尺=19.87厘米。研究结果表明,在蜿蜒8公里长的丘陵上,主要建筑构件之间的直线距离的相对误差均不超过0.25%。先秦时期的古人如何达到这样的测算精度,成为测量学史上的新问题。The Chu Great Wall site in Dengzhou,Henan Province,is a huge scattered building complex,which was built on a hilly area of 8×3 square kilometers during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.There are now surface buildings such as Yuanqiu and square altars.In this paper,data collection was carried out through Google Earth.It is found that there are among these buildings man-made geometric structures and universe models centered on the square altar,in which the orientation points to the direction of Luoyang,royal city of the Eastern Zhou period.The connection between the main architectural sites of the Chu Great Wall constitutes a structure such as a parallel line and a rightangle triangle in the east-west direction.According to the method of mathematical archaeology,the mathematical modeling was carried out through the Chu Great Wall site group,and the scale of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was deduced:1 chi=19.87 cm.The results show that the relative error of the linear distance between the main building components is less than 0.25%on the 8-kilometer-long hilly terrain.The question of how the ancients in the pre-Qin period achieved such precision in their measurements has become a significant subject of inquiry.

关 键 词：楚长城遗址 数理考古 东周尺度 圆丘 方坛 礼制建筑 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]