上海多层砌体住宅结构特征及抗震措施分析  

Analysis of structural characteristics and seismic measures of multi-story masonry residential buildings in Shanghai

作　　者：朱奇云 ZHU Qiyun(Shanghai Real Estate Science Research Institute,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市房地产科学研究院,上海200031

出　　处：《建筑结构》2025年第1期59-65,共7页Building Structure

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研项目(19DZ1202500);上海市住房和城乡建设管理委员会科研项目(沪建科2021-002-042)。

摘　　要：上海现存大量以砌体结构为主的老旧住宅,由于其抗震设防水平较低,已成为韧性城市建设中的短板。在简要回顾上海抗震设防发展历程的基础上,通过调研上海不同年代的砌体住宅设计资料,对上海老旧砌体住宅的结构特征及抗震措施进行研究。介绍了上海多层砌体住宅的地基处理和基础构造,从结构体系、墙体布置、墙肢立面形状以及砌体材料等方面探讨了砌体墙的结构特征,梳理了上海砌体住宅的楼面构造及楼板类型,分析了圈梁、构造柱及连接构造等抗震措施,总结了8种考虑不同立面形状和边界条件的墙肢单元。早期砌体住宅仅在外墙或单元横墙布置圈梁,20世纪80年代建造的多层砌体住宅除了南侧外纵墙和楼梯间墙体每层设圈梁,其余位置墙体隔层设圈梁。Masonry structure represents a majority of existing old residential buildings in Shanghai,due to its insufficient seismic resistance,these masonry buildings has become the limitation for implementation of urban resilience.On the basis of briefly reviewing the development of seismic fortification in Shanghai,the structural characteristics and seismic measures of old masonry residential buildings in Shanghai were investigated by surveying the design data of masonry residential buildings in different periods of Shanghai.Ground treatment and foundation configuration for multi-story masonry residential buildings were introduced.Structural characteristics of masonry walls were discussed in terms of structural system,wall layout,vertical shapes of wall and material material.The floor construction and structural types of slab commonly used for masonry residential buildings in Shanghai were summarized,seismic measures including ring beams,constructional columns and connections were analyzed,eight types of wall element considering different shapes and boundaries were summarized.Ring beams were applied at external walls or unit transverse walls in early masonry residential buildings.During the 1980s,ring beams were set on every two floors,except the ring beams for the south external longitudinal walls and stairwell walls of multi-story masonry residential buildings were applied in each floor.

关 键 词：砌体结构 多层住宅 结构特征 抗震措施 

分 类 号：TU398.5[建筑科学—结构工程]