拉萨成都两地幼儿园口腔卫生调查分析  

Survey and Analysis of Oral Hygiene in Kindergartens in Lhasa and Chengdu

作　　者：常璐瑶 沈芯瑞 付佳慧 周月月 CHANG Luyao;SHEN Xinrui;FU Jiahui;ZHOU Yueyue(Department of Stomatology,School of Medicine,Xizang University,Lhasa Xizang 850000,China;Health Room,Lhasa Experimental Kindergarten,Lhasa Xizang 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学医学院口腔医学系,西藏拉萨850000 [2]拉萨市实验幼儿园保健室,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2025年第1期39-42,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的了解拉萨成都两地幼儿园口腔卫生情况,为今后相关部门开展口腔保健工作提供基线资料。方法于2023年6月采用随机整群抽样法分别于拉萨及成都各一家幼儿园选取413名在园儿童,其中小班117名,中班152名,大班144名,通过口腔检查计算龋齿率与平均患龋失补牙数,了解幼儿饮食习惯及口腔卫生行为状况。结果413名在园儿童龋齿率为34.62%,充填率为5.48%,平均龋失补牙数为1.39个。413名在园儿童牙石指数(calculus index,CI)得分为(2.39±0.35)分,软垢指数(debris index,DI)得分为(1.32±0.29)分。413名在园儿童共190名儿童喜欢吃零食,189名儿童偏爱吃甜食,195名儿童睡前喝牛奶,159名儿童早晚刷牙,150名儿童饭后漱口,91名儿童定期口腔检查。结论成都及拉萨龋齿患病率较高,家长及教师对口腔卫生保健意识重视程度较低,后续应加强健康宣教,督促儿童培养良好口腔卫生行为,降低龋齿发生率。Objective To understand the oral health situation of kindergartens in Lhasa and Chengdu,and to provide baseline information for the relevant departments to carry out oral health care in the future.Methods In June 2023,a total of 413 children,including 117 in small classes,152 in medium classes,and 144 in large classes,were selected from one kindergarten in Lhasa and one kindergarten in Chengdu,respectively,using random cluster sampling.The caries rate and the average number of caries-loss fillings were calculated through oral examination to understand the eating habits and oral hygiene behaviors of young children.Results For 413 children in the school,the caries rate was 34.62%,the filling rate was 5.48%,and average number of caries fillings was 1.39.The calculus index(CI)score for 413 children in the school was(2.39±0.35)points,and the debris index(DI)score for 413 children in the school was(1.32±0.29)points.A total of 190 children from 413 kindergartens liked to eat snacks,189 children favored sweets,195 children drank milk before bedtime,159 children brushed their teeth in the morning and evening,150 children rinsed their mouths after meals,and 91 children had regular oral examinations.Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries in Chengdu and Lhasa is high,and parents and teachers pay low attention to oral health care awareness.Subsequently,health education should be strengthened and children should be urged to cultivate good oral hygiene behaviors to reduce the incidence of dental caries.

关 键 词：龋齿 口腔卫生 幼儿园 平均患龋失补牙数 乳牙 窝沟封闭剂 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]