一种面向低空通信与感知一体化的多帧导频联合设计方法  

A Joint Design Method of Multi-Frame Pilots for Low-Altitude Integrated Communication and Sensing

作　　者：袁新一 叶智钒 殷柳国[1] YUAN Xinyi;YE Zhifan;YIN Liuguo(State Key Laboratory of Space Network and Communications,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学天基网络与通信全国重点实验室,北京海淀100084

出　　处：《移动通信》2025年第2期95-99,107,共6页Mobile Communications

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“网络信息论的关键数学基础”(2022YFA1005000);中国博士后科学基金资助项目“面向空天地网络通信接入的一体化导频设计”(GZC20231378);“面向通信感知融合的结构化随机稀疏编码”(2024M751682)。

摘　　要：无人机通信感知一体化系统因其融合高机动性与通信基站、雷达功能于一体,已成为低空无线通信研究的前沿热点。然而,低空通信的延时和多普勒频移特性使得地面5G通信体制难以直接应用。针对此挑战,提出一种多帧联合导频设计策略,利用多帧序列模糊函数的互补性,在延时容忍条件下有效克服多普勒频偏,提升系统感知性能。与5G NR中的导频序列相比,基于LBFGS算法设计的新导频在时延-多普勒域内显著降低了旁瓣水平。仿真结果显示,本方案在保持通信稳定的同时,显著提高了对多普勒效应的抵抗能力,有效提升了感知性能。Integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)systems equipped with unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have become a cutting-edge hot spot in low-altitude wireless communication research due to their integration of high mobility with the functions of communication base stations and radars.However,the characteristics of delay and Doppler frequency shift in low-altitude communications pose challenges that make it difficult to directly apply terrestrial 5G communication systems.To address this challenge,a multi-frame joint pilot design strategy is proposed that leverages the complementary properties of multiple frame sequence ambiguity functions,effectively overcoming Doppler frequency offset under delaytolerant conditions and enhancing system sensing performance.Compared with the pilot sequences in 5G new radio(5G NR),the newly designed pilots based on the limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno(LBFGS)algorithm significantly reduce side lobe levels within the delay-Doppler domain.Simulation results demonstrate that this approach maintains robust communication stability while substantially improving the resistance to Doppler effects,thereby effectively enhancing sensing performance.

关 键 词：通信感知一体化 低空经济 导频设计 LBFGS 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]