生物炭和腐熟秸秆对煤矸石基质水分入渗特征的影响  

Effects of Biochar and Decomposed Straw on Water Infiltration Into Coal Gangue Matrix

作　　者：叶航玮 张峥[1,2] 武海霞 李先耀[1,2] 王弯弯 陈宜星 YE Hangwei;ZHANG Zheng;WU Haixia;LI Xianyao;WANG Wanwan;CHEN Yixing(School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Hebei Engineering University,Handan,Hebei 056038;Key Laboratory of Smart Water Resources of Hebei Province,Handan,Hebei 056038)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北省智慧水利重点实验室,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第2期85-93,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划资助项目(21422012330)。

摘　　要：以煤矸石与蛭石按质量比(2.5%,5.0%)混合基质为原料,采用室内土柱试验的方法,单施生物炭(0%,2.5%,5.0%)和腐熟秸秆(0%,2.5%,5.0%)各3种添加量,研究了生物炭和腐熟秸秆对煤矸石基质水分入渗过程的影响,以期为矿区生态改良修复及新土体水分调节提供参考依据。结果表明:添加生物炭和腐熟秸秆均促进了煤矸石基质水分入渗进程,对入渗过程的影响程度表现为腐熟秸秆>生物炭;基质的湿润锋运移深度随生物炭施用量增加而增加,增幅为28.11%~92.77%,施加腐熟秸秆与CK相比,湿润锋运移深度总体增幅为19.46%~94.78%。湿润锋运移深度与入渗时间的变化规律符合幂函数关系。添加生物炭和腐熟秸秆均减小了基质含水率,随着生物炭施用量的增加,基质剖面含水率减少,而随着腐熟秸秆施用量的增加,剖面含水率增加。Philip和Kostiakov入渗模型均能较好的模拟各处理下煤矸石基质的水分入渗过程。总之,施用生物炭和腐熟秸秆显著影响了煤矸石基质的入渗性能。Taking a mixture of coal gangue and vermiculite at mass ratios of 2.5%,5.0%as the test material,the effects of applying biochar(0%,2.5%,5.0%)and mature straw(0%,2.5%,5.0%)at three different application rates on the water infiltration process in coal gangue substrates were studied by employing indoor soil column experiments,in order to provide reference for ecological improvement and new soil moisture regulation in mining areas.The results showed that adding both biochar and mature straw promoted the water infiltration process in coal gangue substrates,with the impact degree being greater for mature straw than for biochar;the wetting front migration depth increased with the increase in biochar application rate,with an increase range of 28.11%to 92.77%.When mature straw was applied compared to the control group(CK),the overall increase in wetting front migration depth ranged from 19.46%to 94.78%.The relationship between wetting front migration depth and infiltration time followed a power function pattern.Both the addition of biochar and mature straw reduced substrate moisture content;with the increase in biochar application rate,the moisture content of the substrate profile decreased,while with the increase in mature straw application rate,the moisture content of the profile increased.The Philip and Kostiakov infiltration models were able to simulate the water infiltration process in coal gangue substrates under various treatments well.In summary,the application of biochar and mature straw significantly influenced the infiltration performance of coal gangue substrates.

关 键 词：煤矸石基质 生物炭 腐熟秸秆 生态基质 入渗 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]