葡萄栽培防寒措施研究进展  

Progress Research on Cold Protection Measures for Grape Cultivation

作　　者：金欢淳 张培安 毛娟 张军翔[5] 王海波[6] 房经贵[2] JIN Huanchun;ZHANG Pei′an;MAO Juan;ZHANG Junxiang;WANG Haibo;FANG Jinggui(Wenzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325100;College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095;Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325100;College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000;College of Food and Wine,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]温州市农业技术推广中心,浙江温州325100 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [3]浙江省亚热带作物研究所,浙江温州325100 [4]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730000 [5]宁夏大学食品与葡萄酒学院,宁夏银川750021 [6]中国农业科学院果树研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第2期102-108,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32302469);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设资助项目(JATS[2023]415);山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程)资助项目(2022LZGCQY1018);温州市基础性公益科研资助项目(N2023022)。

摘　　要：葡萄原产于雨热不同期的地中海气候区,自汉代引入我国后,现栽培区域已覆盖所有省份,是实现乡村振兴的重要果树。然而在我国北方部分地区,冬季低温与倒春寒导致葡萄植株易受寒害与冻害,影响果实产量与品质,造成极大的经济损失。我国北方葡萄栽培地区会采用埋土防寒、设施防寒等栽培技术环节保障葡萄安全越冬、减少倒春寒带来的损失,同时选育了‘北醇’‘北红’‘公酿1号’等一系列抗寒品种,并研发出了独龙干、斜干水平龙干、爬地龙等利于埋土的省力化树形及配套机械设施。该研究对我国主要的防寒措施及其进行整理归纳,以期得到更优的防寒措施。Grapes are native to the Mediterranean climatic region in different periods of rain and heat.Since the introduction of grapes into China,the current cultivation area have covered all provinces and is an important fruit tree for rural revitalization.However,in some areas of northern China,low temperature in winter and cold in late spring lead to grape plants vulnerable to cold damage and freezing injury,affecting fruit yield and quality and causing great economic losses.In the northern grape cultivation areas of China,planting techniques such as soil-bury protection and facility cold protection are used to ensure the safe winter of grapes and reduce the losses caused by the late spring cold.At the same time,a series of cold resistant varieties such as‘Beichun’‘Beihong’and‘Gongniang No.1’have been bred.The researchers have also developed labor-saving grapevine training systems such as the vertical dragon,slant truck horizontal cane and crawled cordon,which facilitates soil burial,as well as supporting machinery and facilities.In this study,the main cold prevention measures and research were summarized,in order to get better cold prevention measures.

关 键 词：葡萄 埋土 防寒 品种 设施栽培 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]