Praat软件在少数民族民歌腔词分析中的应用研究——以云南哈尼族民歌《阿其古》为例  

Application of“Praat Software”in the Analysis of Ethnic Minority Folk Songs'Accents:The Yunnan Hani Folk Song Aqigu as an Example

作　　者：侯静宜 李亚锟 Hou Jingyi;Li Yakun

机构地区：[1]云南艺术学院音乐学院

出　　处：《云南艺术学院学报》2024年第4期12-21,共10页

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“哈尼族民歌音乐形态”(项目编号:2024Y713)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本研究以云南省西双版纳地区哈尼族阿卡支系的民歌《阿其古》为例,在语言与音乐结合的基础上运用praat软件进行可视化分析。具体操作方式为:首先,从整首民歌方言入手,对音节词的音高频率曲线、唱词振动频率差的音程、句子音高频率曲线、节奏等音乐元素参数值的测量并画出具体语谱图。其次,把语言发音的具体声学参数进行定性、定量比较,用以清晰地阐释唱词声调、音高与旋律形态的关系。最后,深入探讨少数民族音乐的结构特点与成因、地域等问题,用生动直观的论证依据为少数民族音乐分析提供新的论证思路。This study takes the folk song Aqigu of the Akha branch of the Hani ethnic group in Xishuangbanna region of Yunnan Province as an example,and uses the praat software to conduct visualization and analysis on the basis of the combination of language and music.The specific operation is as follows:firstly,starting from the dialect of the whole folk song,the pitch frequency curve of syllable words,the interval of the vibration frequency difference of singing words,the pitch frequency curve of sentences,the rhythm and other parameters of musical elements are measured and the specific spectrograms are drawn.Secondly,the specific acoustic parameters of language articulation are compared qualitatively and quantitatively to clearly illustrate the relationship between vocal tone,pitch and melodic pattern of sung words.Finally,the structural characteristics,causes,and regions of ethnic minorities'music are explored in depth,providing a new way of thinking for the analysis of ethnic minority music based on vivid and intuitional arguments.

关 键 词：praat软件 哈尼族民歌《阿其古》 可视化分析 应用研究 

分 类 号：J607[艺术—音乐]