公众共用物视野下的河湖长制反思与完善  

Reflecti on and perfection of river and lake chief system from the perspective of public commons

作　　者：王勇[1] WANG Yong(Law School,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学法学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《水利经济》2025年第1期78-84,共7页Journal of Economics of Water Resources

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18BFX181)。

摘　　要：河湖资源属于公众共用物,河湖被污染、被侵占等问题实质上是公众共用物悲剧,包括质量下降和数量减少两类。以公众共用物理论为基础对河湖长制进行反思,从把握河湖资源的公众共用物属性和保障其公众共用物使用权入手,使其能够真正成为公民可主张、可实现、可保护的实然性权利,能够纠正、引导河湖治理公共行政供给和社会公共服务的方向。河湖长制实施过程中政府调控存在偏差,市场调节作用发挥不足,公众参与效果不佳。应强化河湖治理政府责任,合理设定河湖治理目标;促进水市场机制的完善,实现河湖资源效用最大化;以河湖共建共治共享为基础,推动河湖治理的公众参与范围和方式的拓展及实效的提升。The pollution and encroachment of rivers and lakes are essentially the tragedy of public commons,including the decline in quality and the reduction of quantity.Based on the theory of commons,this paper reflects on the River and Lake Chief System,starting from grasping the attributes of commons of river and lake resources and ensuring the public’s right to use commons so that right of use commons can truly become a tangible right that citizens can claim,realize,and protect.Furthermore,it corrects and guides the direction of public administration supply and social public services in river and lake governance.There is a deviation in the government’s regulation in the implementation of the long-term system of rivers and lakes,the role of market players is insufficient,and the effect of public participation is not good.The government responsibility for river and lake governance should be strengthened,and the river and lake governance goals should be reasonably set.We should promote the improvement of the water market mechanism and strive to maximize the utility of river and lake resources;On the basis of co-construction,co-governance and sharing of rivers and lakes,we should promote the expansion of the scope and methods of public participation in river and lake governance and the improvement of effectiveness.

关 键 词：公众共用物 公众共用物使用权 公众共用物悲剧 河湖长制 合作共治 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]