基于Matlab水位流量关系曲线拟合精度分析  

Accuracy analysis of water level and flow relationship curve fitting based on Matlab

作　　者：沈国清 黄芳兰 冯治天 马睿 徐桂霞 SHEN Guo-qing;HUANG Fang-lan;FENG Zhi-tian;MA Rui;XU Gui-xia(Hydro-logical Station of Wuwei,Gansu Province,Wuwei 733000,China;Hydrology Station of Zhangye,Gansu Province,Zhangye 734000,China;Gansu Hydro-logical Station,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省武威水文站,甘肃武威733000 [2]甘肃省张掖水文站,甘肃张掖734000 [3]甘肃省水文站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《地下水》2024年第6期240-243,共4页Ground water

基　　金：2023年甘肃省水文站科学试验研究及技术推广项目计划课题“石羊河流域出山径流调控技术及应用”(23GSWK005)。

摘　　要：水位流量关系曲线是进行水文资料整编,推算时段径流过程的关键,其精度直接影响着水文资料的可靠性。以杂木寺水文站2021年实测流量资料为研究对象,利用Matlab软件曲线拟合工具拟合水位流量关系曲线。通过曲线拟合函数分析,选出最佳拟合模型(三次多项式拟合面积、流速相乘)。对拟合的水位流量关系进行三线检验和时段径流总量误差分析,检验结果:随机不确定度为8.6%,系统误差为-0.4%;年径流总量和汛期总量相对误差分别为2.8%、2.9%,均符合规范要求。结果表明:利用Matlab软件拟合工具能很好的拟合水位流量关系曲线,灵活运用数学模型,不仅提高拟合精度,而且减少手工定线工作量,可大大提高水文资料整编的工作效率。The relation curve of water level and discharge is the key to the compilation of hydro-logical data and the calculation of runoff process,and its accuracy directly affects the reliability of hydro-logical data.Taking the measured flow data of Zaomusi Hydrology Station in 2021 as the research object,the curve fitting tool of Matlab software was used to fit the water level flow relationship curve.Through the analysis of curve fitting function,the best fitting model(cubic polynomial fitting area,velocity multiplication)was selected.The three-line test and the error analysis of the total runoff amount were carried out.The results showed that the random uncertainty was 8.6%and the systematic error was-0.4%.The relative errors of annual runoff and flood season total are 2.8%and 2.9%,respectively,which meet the requirements of the regulations.The results show that the fitting tool of Matlab software can fit the water level-discharge relationship curve very well.By flexibly using mathematical models,only the fitting accuracy is improved,but also the workload of manual line determination is reduced,which can greatly improve the efficiency of hydrological data compilation.

关 键 词：水位流量关系 拟合 MATLAB 精度分析 

分 类 号：P332.4[天文地球—水文科学]