中大容量工业余热高温热泵的压缩机技术现状  

Development Status of Compressor Technology for Medium and Large Capacity Industrial High-Temperature Heat Pumps

作　　者：马凯 陈文卿 李丹童 何志龙[1] 邢子文[1] Ma Kai;Chen Wenqing;Li Dantong;He Zhilong;Xing Ziwen(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an,710049,China;Suzhou Academy,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Suzhou,215123,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学苏州研究院,苏州215123

出　　处：《制冷学报》2025年第1期1-15,共15页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：热泵技术是一种节能技术,能够有效应对全球变暖,降低碳排放。工业热泵回收供热过程的废热加热水或空气,可减少电力消耗及碳排放。工业热泵节能环保,供热稳定,已广泛应用于生产及生活的各个阶段。分析了国内外工业余热高温热泵的压缩机类型及特点,针对中大容量的双螺杆压缩机及离心压缩机,分析其应用及技术现状。螺杆式热泵压缩机在高蒸发温度时应采用开启式结构,高冷凝温度时可采用高速无油方案;离心式热泵压缩机除高效的叶轮外,应关注耐高温电机与无油润滑轴承。螺杆式水蒸气压缩机关注转子热变形及轴封问题,向大温升方向发展。Heat pump technology is an energy-saving solution that could potentially combat global warming and reduce carbon emissions.Industrial heat pumps recover waste heat from the heating process to heat water or air,thereby reducing electricity consumption and carbon emissions.Industrial heat pumps are energy-saving,environmentally friendly,and provide stable heating.They have been widely used at all stages of production and life.This study analyzes the compressor types and characteristics of domestic and international high-temperature heat pumps(HTHP)that recover industrial waste heat and analyzes their application and technical status with a focus on twin-screw and centrifugal compressors.Twin-screw heat pump compressors should adopt an open structure when the evaporation temperature is high,and high-speed and oil-free design can be used when the condensation temperature is high.In addition,centrifugal heat pump compressors should prioritize highly efficient impellers,high-temperature-resistant motors,and oil-free lubricated bearings.Screw steam compressors need to solve the problems of rotor thermal deformation and shaft seal,and target for large temperature lifts.

关 键 词：高温热泵 双螺杆压缩机 离心压缩机 水蒸气压缩机 

分 类 号：TB652[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TU833[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]