单相液冷微通道散热器结构研究进展  

Research Progress of Microchannel Heat Sink Structures Based on Single-Phase Flow

作　　者：赵颉 崔晓钰[1] Zhao Jie;Cui Xiaoyu(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《制冷学报》2025年第1期53-70,共18页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：微通道冷却是解决高热流密度散热问题最有效的技术之一,具有传热效率高、热阻低、结构紧凑等优点,但同时存在压降增加的问题。微通道的结构是影响其流动与传热性能的重要因素。针对该问题,简述了国内外对单相液冷微通道散热器在结构设计方面的研究进展,分为通道几何结构、扰流结构、针肋结构、多层结构、仿生结构和复合强化结构。结合各结构强化传热的原理,分析其在传热系数、压降、综合性能、均温性等方面的优缺点,并对微通道散热器常用的基体材料与加工方法进行了成本分析。基于上述总结与介绍,从应用角度展望了微通道散热器的前景与发展方向,指出复合结构的应用、仿真与实验的结合、材料学与加工技术的进步以及学科交叉是今后结构研究的重点。Microchannel cooling,with its high heat transfer efficiency,low thermal resistance,and light weight advantages,is one of the most effective technologies for solving the problem of heat dissipation with high heat flux;however,it faces the issue of increased pressure drop.The microchannel structure determines the thermal-hydraulic performance.This study describes the research progress on single-phase liquid-cooled microchannel heat sinks in terms of domestic and international structural design to address this problem.Among them,single-phase heat dissipation structures are divided into variable cross-sectionals,flow disruption,pin-fin,double-layered,bionic,and hybrid-reinforced structures.The advantages and disadvantages of the heat transfer coefficient,pressure drop,comprehensive performance,and temperature uniformity were analyzed based on the principle of enhancing heat transfer in various structures.A cost analysis of the commonly used matrix materials and processing methods for microchannel heat sinks was conducted.Finally,we provided the prospect and development direction of microchannel heat sinks from an application perspective.The application of composite structures,integration of simulation and experimentation,advances in material science and processing technology,and the nexus of disciplines are noted as the focus of future structural research.

关 键 词：微通道 传热系数 单相流 结构设计 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB657.5