锂离子电池单体在侧向挤压工况下损伤容限研究  

Study on Damage Tolerance of Lithium-ion Battery Cells under Lateral Extrusion Conditions

作　　者：赵杨 刘超 孙文婷[2] ZHAO Yang;SUN Wenting;LIU Chao

机构地区：[1]清华大学苏州汽车研究院(相城),苏州215000 [2]上海汽车集团股份有限公司,上海201804

出　　处：《上海汽车》2025年第2期24-29,共6页Shanghai Auto

摘　　要：随着新能源汽车近几年突飞猛进的发展,锂离子电池在机械外载下损伤失效引起的安全事故逐渐增多,使得锂离子电池的碰撞安全问题受到越来越多的关注。文章基于典型的侧向挤压工况,设计了SOC分别为20%和50%的锂离子电池单体在Y方向的动静态挤压试验,研究了电池单体在侧向挤压工况下的机-电响应。研究结果表明:电池单体Y方向靠近负极的侧面受载易引发内短路,靠近正极的侧面可以抵抗较大的侵入变形,同时电池单体抵抗垂直于单体方向的侵入能力强于抵抗平行方向;不同SOC对电池单体的承载能力和抗侵入能力影响较小,而加载速度的提高会使电池单体承受的载荷增大。The accidents caused by the damage and failure of lithium-ion batteries under vari-ous loading conditions are gradually increasing with the rapid development of new energy vehicles in recent years.The short circuit of lithium-ion batteries induced by mechanical abuse has become a great concern in electric vehicle design.Based on the typical lateral extrusion condition,dynamic and static tests in the Y direction with SOC 20%and SOC 50%are designed,which is a typical lateral ex-trusion condition.The mechanical-electrical responses of battery cell under lateral extrusion load are analyzed.The results show that,for the battery cell,the side close to the negative electrode in the Y direction is prone to internal short circuits when subjected to load,while the side close to the positive electrode can resist larger intrusion deformations.Meanwhile,the battery cell has a stronger ability to resist intrusion perpendicular to the cell direction than that in the parallel direction.Different states of charge have a relatively small impact on the load-bearing capacity and anti-intrusion ability of the bat-tery cell,and an increase in the loading speed makes the battery cell bear a greater load.

关 键 词：锂离子电池单体 侧向挤压 动静态加载 损伤容限 

分 类 号：U469.7[机械工程—车辆工程] TM912[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]