木醋液和生物炭复合处理种子对油菜萌发、生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of treating seeds compositely with wood vinegar and biochar on germination,growth,yield and quality of rapeseed

作　　者：曲昭杰 朱坤淼 胡吕良 周钰 原保忠[1] 胡立勇[1] QU Zhaojie;ZHU Kunmiao;HU Lüliang;ZHOU Yu;YUAN Baozhong;HU Liyong(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro-Products/Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Hubei Province Extension Station of Agricultural Technology,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070 [2]农产品营养品质与安全湖北省重点实验室/湖北省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,武汉430064 [3]湖北省农业技术推广总站,武汉430072

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2025年第1期24-34,共11页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新项目。

摘　　要：为提高直播油菜种子出苗率及壮苗率,以华油杂50油菜种子为试验材料,进行室内筛选与田间种植试验,以评估木醋液引发(wood vinegar priming,PV)和稻秆生物炭(rice straw biochar,BC)丸粒化对油菜萌发出苗、幼苗生长、产量和品质的影响,木醋液引发设7个处理(m/V):0(纯蒸馏水,HP)、1∶200(PV200)、1∶400(PV400)、1∶600(PV600)、1∶800(PV800)、1∶1000(PV1000)和1∶1200(PV1200),稻秆生物炭设5个处理(m/m):20%(BC20)、30%(BC30)、40%(BC40)、50%(BC50)和60%(BC60)。结果显示:稀释1000倍的木醋液(PV1000)引发和30%BC的种衣剂丸粒化是促进萌发和幼苗生长的最佳配比。PV1000引发和PV1000引发+30%生物炭丸粒化(PV1000+BC30)处理显著提高油菜的出苗率,分别提高20.2%和22.1%;PV、BC、PV+BC处理的生物量分别较对照提高13.7%、21.6%、35.3%;油菜产量分别提高达14.4%、13.6%、17.0%;同时,PV+BC处理显著提高了油酸含量,降低了硫苷含量。因此,PV和PV+BC是有效的种子处理方法。Seeds of Huayouza 50 rapeseed were used to conduct laboratory screening and field exper-iments to evaluate the effects of wood vinegar priming(PV)and rice straw biochar(BC)coating on the germination and seedling,the growth of seedling,the yield and quality of rapeseed to improve the rate of seedling and vigor seedling in rapeseed with direct-seeding.7 treatments of wood vinegar priming includ-ing 0(pure distilled water,HP),1∶200(PV200),1∶00(PV400),1∶600(PV600),1∶800(PV800),1∶1000(PV1000),and 1∶1200(PV1200)and 5 treatments of rice straw biochar(BC)including 20%(BC20),30%(BC30),40%(BC40),50%(BC50)and 60%(BC60,m/m)were set up.The results showed that the optimal ratio for promoting the germination and the growth of seedling was triggered by di-luting the wood vinegar solution 1000 times(PV1000)and using a seed coating agent with BC30 for gran-ulation.The treatment of PV1000 and PV1000+BC30 significantly increased the rate of seedling in rape-seed by 20.2%and 22.1%,respectively.The biomass of PV,BC,and PV+BC treatment increased by 13.7%,21.6%,and 35.3%respectively compared to that of the control.PV,BC,and PV+BC treatment increased yield of rapeseed by 14.4%,13.6%,and 17.0%,respectively.PV+BC treatment significantly in-creased the content of oleic acid and reduced the content of glucosinolate.It is indicated that PV and PV+BC are effective methods for treating seeds of rapeseed.

关 键 词：木醋液 生物炭 种子处理 油菜 种子萌发 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S351.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]