油菜联合收获机籽粒破碎离散元仿真与切碎抛送装置优化  

Discrete element simulation and optimization of seed crushing in shredding and throwing device for rapeseed combined harvester

作　　者：周捷 廖庆喜[1,2] 万星宇 袁佳诚 李俊豪 秦一鸣 ZHOU Jie;LIAO Qingxi;WAN Xingyu;YUAN Jiacheng;LI Junhao;QIN Yiming(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,武汉430070 [2]农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2025年第1期265-275,共11页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52075210,52205270);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2023AFB852)。

摘　　要：针对自主研发的油菜联合收获机切碎抛送过程中油菜籽粒易破碎导致作业损失增大的问题,开展籽粒破碎离散元仿真与切碎抛送装置的优化。基于离散元法构建油菜籽粒粘结模型并开展单轴压缩试验,通过最陡爬坡试验和Box-Behnken试验标定油菜籽粒粘结模型的最优参数组合,其法向刚度系数、切向刚度系数、临界法向应力、临界切向应力分别为7.0×10^(9) N/m、6.82×10^(9) N/m、6.61×10^(10) Pa、8.18×10^(10) Pa时,油菜籽粒破碎载荷仿真值为12.67 N,与物理值的相对误差为3.59%。结合油菜籽粒粘结模型,建立油菜联合收获机切碎抛送装置的仿真模型,以滚筒转速、切碎间隙、切刀数量为试验因素进行Box-Behnken试验,确定切碎抛送装置的最优参数组合,结果显示:切碎抛送装置的最优参数组合为滚筒转速450 r/min、切碎间隙30 mm、切刀数量10把。切碎抛送装置台架试验结果表明,随着切碎滚筒的转速增加,切碎抛送装置油菜籽粒破碎率呈增长趋势。田间试验结果表明,油菜联合收获机切碎抛送装置油菜籽粒平均破碎率为0.82%,切碎抛送装置作业顺畅。The discrete element simulation of seed crushing in the rapeseed combined harvester and optimization of shredding and throwing device were conducted to solve the problems of increased operation-al losses caused by the breakage of rapeseed seeds during the shredding and throwing process of the self-de-veloped rapeseed combined harvester.A rapeseed seed bonding model was constructed based on discrete el-ement method and uniaxial compression tests were carried out.The optimal combination of parameters for rapeseed seed bonding model was calibrated through the steepest climbing experiment and Box-Behnken ex-periment.A simulation model of the shredding and throwing device for the rapeseed combined harvester was established based on the rapeseed seed bonding model.Box-Behnken experiment with three-factor and three-level was conducted with the rotating speed of the drum,the shredding clearance and the number of cutters as experimental factors to determine the optimal combination of parameters for the shredding and throwing device.Bench experiment and field experiment of the rapeseed shredding and throwing device were performed as well.The results showed that the simulated value of rapeseed seed crushing load was 12.67 N,and the relative error with the physical value was 3.59%when the normal stiffness coefficient,tangential stiffness coefficient,critical normal stress,and critical tangential stress was 7.0×10^(9) N/m,6.82×10^(9) N/m,6.61×10^(10) Pa,8.18×10^(10) Pa,respectively.The optimal combination of parameters for the shredding and throwing device was a rotating speed of the drum of 450 r/min,a shredding clearance of 30 mm,and 10 cutters.The crushing rate of rapeseed seeds in the shredding and throwing device showed a trend of linear increase with the increase of the rotation speed of the shredding drum.The average crushing rate of rapeseed seeds in the shredding and throwing device for the rapeseed combined harvester was 0.82%,and the operation of the shredding and throwing device was smooth.It will provide a re

关 键 词：油菜 联合收获机 切碎抛送装置 籽粒破碎 离散元仿真 

分 类 号：S225.99[农业科学—农业机械化工程]