基于轮对横移量的货车轮对状态识别研究  

Research on Freight Car Wheelset Status Recognition Based on Wheelset Lateral Displacement

作　　者：刘霄 曹政祥 卢小永 魏来[4] 彭莘宇 LIU Xiao;CAO Zhengxiang;LU Xiaoyong;WEI Lai;PENG Xinyu(Technical R&D Center,CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Dalian Liaoning 116041,China;Rolling Stock Department,China Railway Taiyuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan Shanxi 030013,China;Research Institute of Science and Technology,Daqin Railway Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan Shanxi 030013,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China;AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Industrial(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu Sichuan 610092,China)

机构地区：[1]中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司技术开发中心,辽宁大连116041 [2]中国铁路太原局集团有限公司车辆部,山西太原030013 [3]大秦铁路股份有限公司科学技术研究所,山西太原030013 [4]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [5]航空工业成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,四川成都610092

出　　处：《中国铁路》2024年第10期79-88,共10页China Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(N2022J024)。

摘　　要：铁路重载因其具有较高的经济效益,成为我国铁路货运发展的新方向。轮对故障威胁车辆的安全、平稳运行,有必要对货车轮对状态进行实时监测,实现对车轮状态的预判,保证车辆正常运行、提高维修效率。基于轨边监测装置,对货车轮对横向偏移量进行实时监测,定义轮对横向偏移量并分析其与轮对蛇行失稳的关系,提出基于轮轨横向偏移量的蛇行失稳状态判定方法及限值。通过建立货车-轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型仿真,并对实测数据进行对比分析,研究轮对横向偏移量与轮径差的映射关系,并排除轮对蛇行失稳导致的轮径差反演误差的影响。研究结果表明,通过监测轮对横移量评判车辆的失稳状态并反演轮径差,实现货车轮对状态识别,具有一定的工程应用价值。Railway heavy haul has become a new direction for the development of railway freight transport in China due to its high economic benefits.The faults in wheelsets pose a threat to the safe and smooth operation of vehicles.It is necessary to carry out real-time monitoring of freight car wheelset status to predict the wheel status,ensure normal vehicle operation and improve maintenance efficiency.Based on the trackside inspection device,this paper conducts real-time monitoring of the freight car wheelset lateral displacement,defines the wheelset lateral displacement,analyzes its relationship with wheelset hunting instability,and proposes a method for determining the hunting instability based on the wheel-rail lateral displacement,as well as monitoring limits.By establishing a freight car-track rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model for simulation,and comparing and analyzing the measured data,this paper studies the mapping relationship between wheelset lateral displacement and wheel diameter difference,and eliminates the influence of wheel diameter difference inversion error caused by wheelset hunting instability.The study results indicate that by inspecting the wheelset lateral displacement to assess the vehicle instability status and invert the wheel diameter difference,the freight car wheelset status can be recognized,demonstrating significant engineering application value.

关 键 词：重载货车 横向偏移量 蛇行失稳 轮径差 状态识别 

分 类 号：U272[机械工程—车辆工程]