传统民居庭院空间尺度对通风采光的影响分析  

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF TRADITIONAL RESIDENTIAL COURTYARD SPACE SCALE ON VENTIL ATION AND LIGHTING

作　　者：张妮 邵腾 张锟 王晋[1] 郑武幸 ZHANG Ni;SHAO Teng;ZHANG Kun;WANG Jin;ZHENG Wu-xing(School of Mechanics,Civil Engineering and Architecture,Northwestern Polytechnical University,710129,Xi'an,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学力学与土木建筑学院,西安710129

出　　处：《建筑技术》2025年第2期155-158,共4页Architecture Technology

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金年度项目(2022J009)。

摘　　要：地域性传统民居的适应性方法和绿色技术体现了长期以来自然演化出的智慧和有效适应地方特色的建筑策略。这些营建模式不仅深刻反映了与当地生产与生活方式的密切关联,还融合了针对地域气候条件的绿色建筑理念。研究聚焦于西安市关中地区的张百万传统窄院民居,旨在深入探讨其东西向窄院在采光和通风方面的优化策略。通过详细实地考察和测绘工作,定性分析了张百万民居的院落布局和建筑设计模式,并利用DesignBuilder软件进一步量化分析了其建筑设计与自然采光、庭院通风性能之间的关系。研究发现,当庭院的长宽比达到某一最优值时,可实现通风和采光的最佳效果。通过挖掘传统民居绿色营建智慧,并将其验证分析,对于启示现代绿色建筑设计具有重要意义。The adaptive methods and green technologies of regional traditional Rural Dwellings reflect naturally evolved wisdom and building strategies that have been effectively adapted to local characteristics over a long period of time.These modes of construction not only deeply reflect the close connection with local production and lifestyle,but also incorporate green building concepts tailored to regional climatic conditions.This study focuses on the traditional narrow courtyard houses of Zhang million in Guanzhong area of Xi'an city,aiming to explore the optimization strategies of the east-west oriented narrow courtyard in terms of lighting and ventilation.Through detailed fieldwork and mapping work,we qualitatively analyzed the courtyard layout and architectural design patterns of the Zhang million dwellings,and further quantitatively analyzed the relationship between their architectural design and the natural lighting and courtyard ventilation performance using DesignBuilder software.It is found that when the aspect ratio of the courtyard reaches a certain optimal value,the best effect of ventilation and lighting can be realized.By exploring the wisdom of green construction of traditional houses and verifying and analyzing it,it is of great significance to enlighten the modern green building design.

关 键 词：传统民居 庭院空间尺度 庭院通风 室内采光 

分 类 号：TU74[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]