极坐标下连续密度梯度多孔金属材料设计及其夹芯管的抗爆性能研究  

Design of Continuous-Density-Graded Porous Metal Materials in Polar Coordinates and Study on the Blast Resistance of Sandwich Tubes

作　　者：于学会 李婷[1,3] 王安帅[1,4] 王茗仕 Xuehui Yu;Ting Li;Anshuai Wang;Mingshi Wang(Xi'an Key Laboratory of Mechanics of Building Materials,School of Science,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an,710055;State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,School of Aerospace Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,710049;School of Resources Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an,710055;School of Mechatronic Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,610500)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学理学院,西安710055 [2]西安交通大学复杂服役环境重大装备结构强度与寿命全国重点实验室,西安710049 [3]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055 [4]西南石油大学机电工程学院,成都610500

出　　处：《固体力学学报》2024年第6期831-845,共15页Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11902246);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2023-JC-QN-0011);复杂服役环境重大装备结构强度与寿命全国重点实验室开放课题(SV2023-KF-12)资助。

摘　　要：利用3D-Voronoi技术,建立了极坐标下径向连续密度梯度泡沫铝及其夹芯管有限元模型,进而研究了夹芯管在内部爆炸载荷下的动态响应.分析了正梯度、负梯度、“V”型梯度(中间高两端低、中间低两端高)等芯材密度分布方式,芯材密度梯度大小,管壁与芯材装配方式以及炸药长径比对夹芯管抗爆性能的影响.结果表明:当芯材密度梯度大小相同时,负梯度夹芯管的外管最大变形量最小,中间低梯度夹芯管的比吸能最高,正梯度夹芯管的抗爆性能最劣;随着芯材密度梯度的增加,负梯度夹芯管的外管最大变形量显著减小,中间低梯度夹芯管的比吸能呈现出先增加后减少的趋势,中间高梯度夹芯管的抗爆性能减弱;将管壁与芯材进行理想粘结,有效提高了均匀、负梯度以及中间低梯度夹芯管的比吸能,但也增加了外管的最大变形量;在不同的炸药长径比下,负梯度夹芯管的外管最大变形量最小.This study investigated the dynamic response of continuous-density-graded aluminum foam sandwich tubes subjected to internal explosion loads.A finite element model for continuous-density-graded aluminum foam and sandwich tubes was established in polar coordinates using 3D-Voronoi technology.The influences of core density distributions,such as positive-gradient,negative-gradient,and V-shaped gradient including middle-high-gradient(high in the middle and low at both ends)and middle-low-gradient(low in the middle and high at both ends),core density gradient,assembly methods of tube walls and the core,and the length-to-diameter ratio of explosives on the anti-shock performance of the sandwich tube structure were analyzed.Results demonstrate that,for the same core density gradient,the maximum deformation of the outer tube in the sandwich tube with a negative-gradient core is the least,while the sandwich tube with a middle-low-gradient core exhibits the highest specific energy absorption,and the sandwich tube with a middle-high-gradient core shows the weakest anti-shock performance.As core density gradient increases,the maximum deformation of the outer tube in the sandwich tube with a negative-gradient core significantly decreases.The specific energy absorption for the sandwich tube with a middle-low-gradient core rises initially before declining,while the anti-explosion performance of the sandwich tube with a middle-high-gradient core deteriorates.Optimal bonding between tube walls and the core effectively improves the specific energy absorption of sandwich tubes with a uniform,negative-gradient,or middle-low-gradient core,but it also increases the maximum deformation of the outer tube.For varying length-to-diameter ratios of explosives,the maximum deformation of the outer tube in the sandwich tube with a negative-gradient core is smaller.The present work aims to provide valuable insights for designing such structures for protective engineering applications.

关 键 词：抗爆性能 连续密度梯度 夹芯管 3D-Voronoi 

分 类 号：TB383.4[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG146.21[金属学及工艺—金属材料]