钝翅细小蠹对樟子松的危害及其传播松枯梢病的潜在作用  

Pityphthorus morosovi Infesting Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica and Its Potential Role in Spreading Pine Dieback Pathogen

作　　者：刘彩霞[1] 王慧敏 张美丽 梁玲瑜 蔡泱莲 汪杨 王正 吕全[1] Liu Caixia;Wang Huimin;Zhang Meili;Liang Lingyu;Cai Yanglian;Wang Yang;Wang Zheng;LüQuan(Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091;Huanan City Forestry and Grass Bureau,Jiamusi City,Heilongjiang Province,Huanan 154403;The Office of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Government of Hengxi Town,Lanxi City,Zhejiang Province,Cixi 321118;Agriculture and Rural Office,Comprehensive Service Center,Qiantan Town,Jiande City,Zhejiang Province,Qiantan 311602;College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所、国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室,北京100091 [2]黑龙江省佳木斯市桦南县林草局,桦南154403 [3]浙江省兰溪市横溪镇人民政府农业和农村办公室,慈溪321118 [4]浙江省建德市乾潭镇事业综合服务中心农业和农村办公室,乾潭311602 [5]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《林业科学》2025年第1期17-25,共9页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(32230071);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071769);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1401005)。

摘　　要：【目的】对危害樟子松的一种小蠹进行形态特征学描述和系统发育分析,并对其坑道真菌进行分离培养、纯化和鉴定,以明确该小蠹的分类地位及其与樟子松枯梢病的相互关系,为“三北”樟子松防护林病虫害防控提供基础。【方法】基于形态学特征和线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因片段的系统发育分析方法对小蠹进行物种鉴定,并运用传统的分离培养法获得该小蠹坑道真菌,通过ITS序列构建系统发育树进行真菌鉴定。【结果】结合形态观察、DNA序列比对和基于系统发育分析,确认该小蠹为钝翅细小蠹。该小蠹呈圆柱形,体长1.46~2.00 mm,前胸背板基部有鳞状瘤,密被刚毛,端部和鞘翅有明显刻点,且翅端部圆钝。同时,获得坑道真菌42株,隶属于4属4种,樟子松枯梢病病原菌松色二孢为优势真菌,占比超过60%。【结论】本研究首次明确钝翅细小蠹新的寄主树种为樟子松,系统发育分析揭示该小蠹与其他种类的亲缘关系,为小蠹生物多样性提供遗传基础数据。樟子松枯梢病病原菌是该小蠹优势伴生菌,推测钝翅细小蠹可能是枯梢病的媒介昆虫。【Objective】In this study,morphological description and phylogenetic analysis were conducted on a twig beetle species that damages Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica.The fungi in the galleries produced by the insect were isolated,purified and identified to clarify the taxonomic status of this twig beetle and its interaction with pine dieback pathogen.The study would provide a basis for controlling diseases and pests in the Three-North protection forest of P.sylvestris var.mongolica.【Method】The phylogenetic analysis method based on morphological characteristics and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I(COI)gene fragment was used to identify the species of the twig beetle.Additionally,traditional approaches and phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences were used to obtain the fungal recognition from the galleries of the twig beetle.【Result】It was confirmed that the twig beetle belonged to Pityophthorus morosovi using combination of morphological observation,DNA sequences alignment and phylogenetic analysis.This twig beetle was cylindrical and the body length was approximately 1.46–2.00 mm.The basal part of the pronotum contained scale-like tubercles densely covered with hairs,the rear half and the elytra contained distinct punctures and blunt ends on the elytra.Meanwhile,42 fungal strains were isolated from the galleries,belonging to 4 genera 4 species.Diplodia sapinea was the dominant fungus of P.morosovi,accounting for more than 60%.【Conclusion】It is the first time to determine P.sylvestris var.mongolica as a new host tree species for the twig beetle.Phylogenetic analysis has revealed the genetic relationship of this twig beetle with other species.This study supplies genetic data for biodiversity of bark beetles.Meanwhile,it is found that D.sapinea was the dominant symbiotic fungus of twig beetle,speculating that P.morosovi may be a vector of the pine dieback pathogen.

关 键 词：枝梢甲虫 形态鉴定 松色二孢 系统发育分析 松枯梢病 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]