基于DNA条形码的天津渤海湾鱼类资源鉴定及遗传分析  

Identification and genetic analysis of fish resources in TianjinBohai Bay based on DNA barcodes

作　　者：何晓旭 白晓慧[1] 汪笑宇 孟一耕[1] HE Xiaoxu;BAI Xiaohui;WANG Xiaoyu;MENG Yigeng(Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute,Tianjin 300221,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市水产研究所,天津300221

出　　处：《河北渔业》2025年第1期25-31,共7页

基　　金：天津市农业发展服务中心青年科技创新项目(zxkj202433)。

摘　　要：为探索DNA条形码对渤海湾部分鱼类物种鉴定的有效性并进行相关的遗传分析,对天津渤海湾10种海水鱼类共177条线粒体COI基因序列进行扩增测序和比对分析。结果表明,10种海水鱼类COI基因T、C、A和G碱基平均含量分别为30.0%、27.9%、24.1%、18.0%,具有碱基偏倚性,177个基因序列共检测到70个单倍型。遗传多样性分析显示,总体的单倍型多样性为0.4327~0.9474,核苷酸多样性为0.0008~0.0063,其中焦氏舌鳎(Cynoglossus joyneri)的变异位点、单倍型数和单倍型多样性最高。遗传距离结果显示,种间遗传距离为0.2375~0.3575,其中种间平均遗传距离是种内平均遗传距离的77倍。系统进化树具有明显的分化谱系,与形态学的鉴定结果相吻合。研究结果表明,DNA条形码技术可以对天津近岸海域常见的10种鱼类进行有效鉴定,相关遗传分析可为天津渤海湾鱼类资源保护提供数据支持。In order to explore the effectiveness of DNA barcode on the identification of some fish species in the Bohai Bay and conduct relevant genetic analysis,an amplified sequencing and comparison analysis were carried out on a total of 177 mitochondrial COI gene sequences of 10 species of marine fish in Bohai Bay,Tianjin.The results showed that the average content of bases T,C,A,and G of COI gene of 10 kinds of marine fish was 30.0%,27.9%,24.1%,and 18.0%respectively,with base bias,and a total of 70 haplotypes were detected in 177 gene sequences.Genetic diversity analysis showed that the overall haploid diversity was 0.4327~0.9474,and the nucleotide diversity was 0.0008~0.0063,among which Cynoglossus joyneri had the highest mutation sites,haplotypes,and haploid diversity.The results of genetic distance showed that the genetic distance between species was 0.2375~0.3575,of which the average genetic distance between species was 77 times that of the average genetic distance within the species.The systematic evolutionary tree also had an obvious differentiation spectrum,which coincides with the morphological identification results.The results of this study showed that DNA barcode technology can effectively identify 10 species of fish commonly found in the coastal waters of Tianjin,and relevant genetic analysis can provide data support for the protection of fish resources in Tianjin Bohai Bay.

关 键 词：DNA条形码 COI基因 遗传多样性 鱼类 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]