一种优化簇头选取与入簇选择的改进LEACH协议  

An Improved LEACH Protocol for Optimizing Cluster Head Selection and In-cluster Selection

作　　者：史兵[1] 高泽林 孙月平[2] 宦娟[3] 孙涛[1] SHI Bing;GAO Zelin;SUN Yueping;HUAN Juan;SUN Tao(School of Machinery and Rail Transit,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学机械与轨道交通学院,江苏常州213164 [2]江苏大学电气信息工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [3]常州大学微电子与控制工程学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《哈尔滨理工大学学报》2024年第5期1-9,共9页Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(22)3111);国家自然科学基金(62173162);常州市科技支撑计划项目(CE20225016)。

摘　　要：针对LEACH协议在簇头选取时,阈值取值未考虑节点密度、能量、距离等因素,进而当选了一些低能量簇头,使整个网络出现了早衰的问题,于是提出了一种改进的LEACH-enhance协议。该协议首先在能耗模型中引用了距离的均方根值来确定最优的簇头个数,加入根据能耗确定的间距算子、剩余能量算子和节点密度算子去修正阈值函数。此外,在节点入簇选择时,考虑了节点通信半径、簇中节点所能分配的能量和簇头离基站的距离三个条件,进而给出代价函数,最终节点根据计算最优值加入对应的簇。在设定参数下,通过仿真实验表明,当网络节点死亡率达90%时对比各算法的循环轮数,LEACH-enhance相较于LEACH-improve、LEACH-E、LEACH-OR和LPLL-LEACH相比分别提高了69.7%、68.3%、33.4%、30.5%,验证了LEACH-enhance算法在簇头选取、节点入簇方面所对应的能量均衡要更优。The LEACH protocol′s selection of cluster heads neglects critical factors such as node density,energy levels,and distance.This oversight can lead to the selection of low-energy cluster heads,resulting in premature aging across the entire network.To address this issue,an enhanced version of LEACH has been proposed.This protocol initially employs the root mean square(RMS)of distance within the energy consumption model to determine the optimal number of cluster heads.Additionally,it integrates a spacing operator,a residual energy operator,and a node density operator,all derived from energy consumption metrics,to refine the threshold function.Furthermore,in selecting nodes for cluster inclusion,three criteria are considered:the communication radius of each node,the energy available for allocation by the nodes within the cluster,and the distance between the cluster head and the base station.A cost function is subsequently established,allowing for the assignment of nodes to the appropriate cluster based on the calculated optimal value.Simulation experiments indicate that when network node mortality reaches 90%,the cycle numbers of LEACH-enhance increase by 69.7%,68.3%,33.4%,and 30.5%compared to LEACH-improve,LEACH-E,LEACH-OR,and LPLL-LEACH,respectively.Furthermore,these improvements confirm that the energy balance associated with the LEACH-enhance algorithm is superior,particularly in terms of cluster head selection and node entry.

关 键 词：无线传感网络 簇头选取 改进LEACH协议 生命周期 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]