合同僵局下继续性合同履行请求权的排除规则——兼评《合同编通则解释》第61条及典型案例十  

The Exclusion Rules for Performance Claims of Continuing Contract under Contract Deadlock:A Commentary on Article 61 of the Judicial Interpretation of the General Principles of the Contract Chapter and Typical Case No.10

作　　者：陈道宽 Chen Daokuan

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院 [2]德国汉堡大学

出　　处：《南大法学》2025年第1期39-61,共23页NanJing University Law Journal

摘　　要：当前的主流观点运用减损规则处理租赁合同僵局问题,造成了不公正的裁判结果。不仅减损说不具备形式与实质理由,现有其他学说在解释上也不能融洽贯通。减损说主张由债权人负担替代交易义务,遵循了损害赔偿优先原则,而以英美为代表的立法例之所以选择损害赔偿优先,系基于其特殊的程序法考量,这与我国实体法以及程序法都存在冲突。就我国法而言,转租、替代租赁以及例外情形下的特别解除权为租赁合同僵局提供了可行方案。此外,继续性合同损害赔偿计算不应当限于守约方行使解除权情形。在具体计算时,应当将未来租金差价换算成固定期限的租金纳入合理期限内进行赔偿。The current mainstream view of using mitigation rules to address deadlock in lease contracts has resulted in unjust judgements.Not only does the mitigation theory lack both formal and substantive reasons,but existing other theories also fail to provide reasonable explanations.The mitigation theory advocates that the creditor bears the obligation of substitute transactions,following the principle of prioritizing compensation.The reason why legislative examples,represented by the common law system,choose the principle of prioritizing compensation is based on the consideration for special procedural law,which conflict with both the substantive and procedural laws in China.In terms of Chinese law,sublease,substitute lease,and special rights of termination in exceptional circumstances provide feasible solutions for deadlock in lease contracts.Moreover,compensation for continuing contracts should not be limited to situations where the non-breaching party exercises the right to terminate.In specific calculations,the difference in future rent should be converted into fixed-term rents and included within a reasonable period for compensation.

关 键 词：减损规则 替代交易 转租 替代租赁 损害赔偿 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]