从蛇纹石中分离回收镍并协同矿化CO_(2)  

Separation and Recovery of Nickel from Serpentine and Co-mineralization of CO_(2)

作　　者：陈升国 冯小波[1] 马代强 甘代福[1] 陈燕 袁增[1,3] 曹雯 刘清才 CHEN Shengguo;FENG Xiaobo;MA Daiqiang;GAN Daifu;CHEN Yan;YUAN Zeng;CAO Wen;LIU Qingcai(Chongqing Gas Field,Petro China Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chongqing 400707,China;Chongqing Gas Group Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400020,China;College of Material Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田分公司重庆气矿,重庆400707 [2]重庆燃气集团股份有限公司,重庆400020 [3]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2025年第1期65-73,共9页Hydrometallurgy of China

摘　　要：研究了采用绿矾焙烧—水浸—碳酸铵沉淀工艺从蛇纹石中分离回收镁和镍并矿化封存CO_(2)。考察了硫酸化焙烧过程中焙烧温度、绿矾/蛇纹石质量比、焙烧时间对镁和镍浸出率的影响,以及矿化反应(生成碳酸镁沉淀)过程中碳酸铵质量浓度、矿化温度对水浸后液中镁、镍沉淀率的影响。探讨了碳酸铵质量浓度及矿化温度对金属离子沉淀行为和沉淀物微观形貌的影响规律。结果表明:在焙烧温度670℃、绿矾/蛇纹石质量比5/1、焙烧时间90 min最佳条件下,镁、镍浸出率分别为89%和85%;矿化反应中,在碳酸铵质量浓度150 g/L、矿化温度80℃条件下,Ni^(2+)沉淀率<5%,Mg^(2+)沉淀率为97%,Fe^(3+)全部沉淀;随碳酸铵质量浓度增大,沉淀产物发生了Ni_(6)Fe_(2)(CO_(3))(OH)_(16)·4H_(2)O到MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O再到(NH_(4))_(2) Mg(CO_(3))_(2)·3H_(2)O的转变;随矿化温度升高,沉淀产物从(NH_(4))_(2) Mg(CO_(3))_(2)·3H_(2)O逐渐转变成Mg 5(CO_(3))_(4)(OH)_(2)·4H_(2)O;低温下碳酸镁沉淀的微观形貌呈棒状,而高温下呈片状。试验结果可为蛇纹石中提取镍、后续CO_(2)减排工艺和工业固废绿矾的高效利用提供一种新思路。The separation and recovery of magnesium and nickel from serpentine and the co-mineralization of CO_(2)using green vitriol roasting—water leaching—ammonium carbonate precipitation process was investigated.The effects of roasting temperature,green vitriol to serpentine mass ratio and roasting time on the leaching rates of magnesium and nickel during sulfuric acid roasting were examined.Additionally,the influence of ammonium carbonate concentration and mineralization temperature on the precipitation rates of magnesium and nickel in the leachate during the mineralization reaction(resulting in the formation of magnesium carbonate precipitate)was evaluated.The effects of ammonium carbonate concentration and mineralization temperature on the precipitation behavior of metal ions and the microstructure of the precipitates were also explored.The results demonstrate that under the optimal roasting conditions of temperature of 670℃,green vitriol to serpentine mass ratio of 5/1,and roasting time of 90 min,the leaching rates of magnesium and nickel can reach 89%and 85%,respectively.During the mineralization reaction,with an ammonium carbonate mass concentration of 150 g/L and mineralization temperature of 80℃,the precipitation rate of Ni^(2+)is less than 5%,while Mg^(2+)and Fe^(3+)precipitate at rates of 97%and 100%,respectively.With the increase of the mass concentration of ammonium carbonate,the precipitate transforme from Ni_(6)Fe_(2)(CO_(3))(OH)_(16)_(4)H_(2)O to MgCO_(3)3H_(2)O,and then to(NH_(4))_(2) Mg(CO_(3))_(2)3H_(2)O.With the increase of mineralization temperature,the precipitate gradually shifted from(NH_(4))_(2) Mg(CO_(3))_(2)3H_(2)O to Mg 5(CO_(3))_(4)(OH)_(2)4H_(2)O.The morphology of the magnesium carbonate precipitate is rod-like at low temperatures and plate-like at high temperatures.The experimental results can provide a novel approach for nickel extraction from serpentine,CO_(2)reduction processes,and the efficient utilization of waste ferrous sulfate.

关 键 词：蛇纹石 工业绿矾 CO_(2) 协同矿化 封存 镁 镍 回收 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF815[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X513