可膨胀石墨-改性稻草纤维@PBAT发泡珠粒复合材料的制备与性能  

Preparation and properties of expandable graphite-modified straw fiber@PBAT foamed bead composites

作　　者：何寅坤 邵亮 刘美玲 姬占有 马建中 王文琪 HE Yinkun;SHAO Liang;LIU Meiling;JI Zhanyou;MA Jianzhong;WANG Wenqi(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Light Chemical Auxiliaries for Industry,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,Shaanxi,China;Xi'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials,College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,Shaanxi,China;China Leather and Shoe Industry Research Institute(Jinjiang)Co.,Ltd.,Jinjiang 362200,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,西安市绿色化学品与功能材料重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [3]中国皮革和制鞋工业研究院(晋江)有限公司,福建晋江362200

出　　处：《精细化工》2025年第1期103-111,134,共10页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52373039);国家自然科学基金青年项目(22208202);西安市科技计划项目(22GXFW0001);陕西省教育厅服务地方科研计划项目(23JC018);共建泉州市特技人才创新实验室项目(CLFJ202203290001)。

摘　　要：稻草纤维(RSF)经磷酸和三聚氰胺改性得到了改性稻草纤维(MPRSF),其与可膨胀石墨(EG)进行球磨制备了界面焊料(EG-MPRSF)。采用超临界二氧化碳(scCO_(2))和微波烧结成型技术制备了EG-MPRSF@聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)发泡珠粒复合材料。采用FTIR、XPS、SEM、EDS、TGA对样品进行了表征,通过硬度、回弹性和压缩强度测试、极限氧指数测试、垂直燃烧等级测试和锥形量热仪测试,考察了EG-MPRSF含量(以PBAT发泡珠粒质量计,下同)对EG-MPRSF@PBAT发泡珠粒复合材料力学性能、阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,EG-MPRSF@PBAT发泡珠粒复合材料烧结后能保留PBAT发泡珠粒原有的泡孔结构,其硬度、回弹性和压缩强度均有较大的提升,且具有阻燃性能。当EG-MPRSF含量为0.20%时,制备的EG-MPRSF@PBAT发泡珠粒复合材料压缩强度、回弹性和硬度分别比PBAT发泡珠粒提升77.8%、16.7%和45.2%,烟气生成速率和总烟释放量分别下降14.9%和24.8%,热释放总量降低17.1%。Rice straw fiber modified with phosphoric acid and melamine(MPRSF)was ball-milled with expandable graphite(EG)to prepare interfacial solder(EG-MPRSF),and EG-MPRSF@poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)foamed bead composites were then synthesized by supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO_(2))and microwave sintering technology.The samples were characterized by FTIR,XPS,SEM,EDS and TGA.The effects of EG-MPRSF content(based on the mass of PBAT foamed bead,the same below)on the mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of EG-MPRSF@PBAT foamed bead composites were analyzed by hardness,resilience and compressive strength test,limiting oxygen index test,vertical combustion grade test and cone calorimeter test.The results showed that the EG-MPRSF@PBAT foamed bead composites,retaining the original cell structure of PBAT foamed bead after sintering,exhibited great improvement in hardness,resilience and compressive strength,and displayed flame-retardant properties.When the content of EG-MPRSF was 0.20%,the compressive strength,resilience and hardness of the EG-MPRSF@PBAT foamed bead composites were 77.8%,16.7%and 45.2%higher than those of PBAT foamed bead,respectively,while the smoke production rate and total smoke production decreased by 14.9%and 24.8%,respectively,and the total heat release decreased by 17.1%.

关 键 词：聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯 超临界二氧化碳 稻草纤维 微波烧结 发泡材料 阻燃性能 功能材料 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]